Garland Hines ( 1916 - 1995)
Garland was born on February 29, 1916 in Virginia. He grew up in New York City in the 1930's. Both of his parents died in May of 1932 (several weeks apart) during the Great Depression.
The Great Depression was a worldwide economic downturn starting in most places in 1929 and ending at different times in the 1930s or early 1940s for different countries. It was the largest and most important economic depression in modern history, and is used in the 21st century as a benchmark in how far the world's economy can fall. The Great Depression originated in the United States; historians most often use as a starting date the stock market crash on October 29, 1929, known as Black Tuesday. The end of the depression in the U.S. is associated with the onset of the war economy of World War II, beginning around 1939.
Garland enlisted in the U.S. Army and served during World War II.
World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII or WW2) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including all of the great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. The war involved the mobilization of over 100 million military personnel, making it the most widespread war in history. In a state of "total war", the major participants placed their complete economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities at the service of the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Over 70 million people, the majority of them civilians, were killed, making it the deadliest conflict in human history.
The starting date of the war is generally held to be September 1939 with the German invasion of Poland and subsequent declarations of war on Germany by the United Kingdom, France and the British Dominions. However, as a result of other events, many belligerents entered the war before or after this date, during a period which spanned from 1937 to 1941. Amongst these main events are the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, the start of Operation Barbarossa, and the attack on Pearl Harbor and British and Dutch colonies in South East Asia.
The Soviet Union and the United States emerged from the war as the world's leading superpowers. This set the stage for the Cold War, which lasted for the next 45 years. The United Nations was formed in the hope of preventing another such conflict. The self determination spawned by the war accelerated decolonisation movements in Asia and Africa, while Western Europe itself began moving toward integration
Garland was stationed at Hickman Field at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 when it was attacked by Japan.
When the Japanese attacked Oahu's military installations on Dec. 7, 1941, Hickam suffered extensive property damage, aircraft losses, and personnel casualties totaling 139 killed and 303 wounded. The bombing and strafing of Hickam Field was an important objective, because the success of the Japanese attack on the Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor was dependent on eliminating air opposition and precluding US planes from following their aircraft back to their carriers and bombing the task force. During the war years, the base played a major role in pilot training and aircraft assembly work, in addition to seeing as a supply center for both air arid ground troops. Hickam served as the hub of the Pacific aerial network, supporting transient aircraft ferrying troops and supplies to. and evacuating wounded from. the forward areas, not only during World War II but also during the Korean conflict and the Vietnam War.
The attack on Pearl Harbor (or Hawaii Operation, as it was called by the Imperial General Headquarters) was a surprise military strike conducted by the Japanese navy against the United States' naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on the morning of Sunday December 7, 1941, later resulting in the United States becoming militarily involved in World War II. It was intended as a preventive action to keep the U.S. Pacific Fleet from influencing the war Japan was planning to wage in Southeast Asia against Britain, the Netherlands, and the United States. The attack consisted of two aerial attack waves totaling 353 aircraft, launched from six Japanese aircraft carriers.
The attack sank four U.S. Navy battleships (two of which were raised and returned to service late in the war) and damaged four more. The Japanese also sank or damaged three cruisers, three destroyers, and one minelayer, destroyed 188 aircraft, and caused personnel losses of 2,402 killed and 1,282 wounded. The power station, shipyard, maintenance, and fuel and torpedo storage facilities, as well as the submarine piers and headquarters building (also home of the intelligence section) were not hit. Japanese losses were minimal, at 29 aircraft and five midget submarines, with 65 servicemen.
Garland was also stationed in Italy during the War.
He married Sophie Loretta Kunigelis on .
The Hines family lived in Florida in the 1940's and had 5 children. Cynthia was born on August 22, 1943 in St. Petersburg, Florida. They moved to Elmwood Park (formerly East Paterson) New Jersey in the mid 1940's. William was born on September 7, 1945 in Jersey City, New Jersey. Nancy was born on December 19, 1947 in Garfield New Jersey. Jeffrey was born on March 21, 1955 in Hackensack New Jersey. Elizabeth was born on June 22, 1957 in Paterson New Jersey.
The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean (officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea) and South Korean (officially the Republic of Korea) regimes, with major hostilities lasting from June 25, 1950 until the armistice signed on July 27, 1953. Both Koreas were attempting to re-unify Korea under their respective governments, with each side supported by external powers. While some have referred to the conflict as a civil war, many other factors were at play. The term has also been used to describe both the events preceding and following the main hostilities. After disputes arose regarding elections concerning the entirety of Korea, as well as escalating border conflicts at the 38th Parallel; the North Korean Army assaulted the South on June 25, 1950. The conflict was then expanded by the United States and the Soviet Union's involvement as part of a proxy war in the greater Cold War.
Most of the children attended St. Anne's Parochial School in Fairlawn New Jersey then moved on to East Paterson Memorial High School. Garland retired from the Army Reserves as a Lieutenant Colonel.
The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia from 1959 to April 30, 1975. The war was fought between the communist North Vietnam, supported by its communist allies, and the government of South Vietnam, supported by the United States and others.
The Vietcong, the lightly armed South Vietnamese communist insurgency, largely fought a guerilla war against anti-communist forces in the region. The North Vietnamese Army engaged in a more conventional war, at times committing large-sized units into battle. U.S. and South Vietnamese forces relied on air superiority and overwhelming firepower to conduct search-and-destroy operations, involving ground forces, artillery and air strikes.
The United States entered the war to prevent a communist takeover of South Vietnam as part of a wider strategy called containment. Military advisors were sent beginning in 1950. U.S. involvement escalated in the early 1960s and combat units were deployed beginning in 1965. Involvement peaked in 1968 at the time of the Tet Offensive. Under a policy called Vietnamization, U.S. forces withdrew as South Vietnamese troops were trained and armed. Despite a peace treaty signed by all parties in January 1973, fighting continued. In response to the anti-war movement, the U.S. Congress passed the Case-Church Amendment in June 1973 prohibiting further U.S. military intervention. In April 1975, North Vietnam captured Saigon. North and South Vietnam were reunified the following year.
He also was employed for the Container Corporation of America for 30 years. He volunteered as a school bus driver and did landscaping work on the weekends.
In the mid 1980's Garland and Sophie moved to WinterHaven Florida.
PEDIGREE CHART
William Hines (1629-)
William Hines Sr. (1690-1760) - Elizabeth Gross
John Hines (1713-1782)
William Jr. Hines (1714-1784)
Thomas Hines (1715-1773)
Peter Hines (1717-1783)
David Hines (1719-1793)
Joshua Hines (1721-1782)
Richard Hines (1726-1781)
Sarah Hines (1727-)
Elizabeth Hines (1729-)
John Hines (1713-1772) - Elizabeth (1730-)
Peter Hines (1748-)
Joshua Hines (1750-1779)
David Hines (1752-1789)
Steven Hines (1754-)
Mary Hines (1756-)
Richard Hines (1758-1789)
John Hines Jr. (1760-1807)
William Hines (1762-)
Thomas Hines (1764-1774)
Joshua Hines (1750-1779) - Lucy Brown Hines
Benjamin Hines (1776-1829)
Henry Hines (1778-1868)
Benjamin Hines (1776-1829) - Elizabeth Simmons Williams / Sarah Ann Simmons (?-1839)
Henry Hines (1802-)
Kezia Hines (1803-)
Elizabeth Hines (1805-)
Sally Hines (1807-)
Benjamin Hines Jr. (1807-1867)
John Hines (1814-)
Benjamin Hines Jr. (1807-1867) - Lucy Ruffin Simmons (1805-1865)
Henrietta Hines (1830-1831)
Arland Parker Hines (1831-1901)
James Thomas Hines (1833-1920?)
Catherine Hines (1834-)
Caroline Hines (1836-)
John Henry Hines (1837-1918)
Tristam Hines (1837-1918)
William Hines (1840-1842)
George W. Hines (1842-1869)
Elizabeth J. Hines (1846-1935)
Henrietta E. Hines (1847-)
Lucy Hines (1849-)
James Thomas Hines (1833-1920?) - Angeline Speirs
Elizabeth J. Hines (1855-)
Angus Henderson Hines (1857-1932)
William P. Hines (1859-)
Annie Hines (1869-)
Angus Henderson Hines (1857-1932) - Anna Catherine Eads (1863-1934)
William Hines (1881-1932)
Edwin Hines (1882-1883)
Horace Hines (1883-1953)
Eunice Hines (1885-1948)
Maggie Hines (1886-1981)
Bettie Hines (1888-1936)
Hugh Hines (1889-1967)
Floyd Hines (1893-1958)
Angus Hines (1894-1953)
Olin Hines (1895-1973)
Elsie Hines (1897-1897)
Jack Hines (1898-1963)
Lewis Hines (1900-)
Quinby Hines (1903-)
Garland Hines (1905-1964)
William Hines (1881-1932) - Ruth Courtright ( -1932)
Garland Hines (1916-1995)
Elizabeth Hines (1957-1996)
Garland Hines (1916-1995) - Sophie Loretta Kunigillis (1919-2001)
Cynthia Hines (1943-)
William Hines (1945-)
Nancy Hines (1947-)
Jeffrey Hines (1955-)
Elizabeth Hines (1957-)