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I. Chickasaw
Identify the stems which mean:
Identify the affixes which mean:
How is a Chickasaw verb constructed: what are the morphemes and what is the order in which they are strung together?
Object/Dative Prefix - Verb Stem - 1st Person Subject - Tense
or
2nd/3rd Person Subject - Object/Dative Prefix -Verb Stem - Tense
II. Ilocano
What kind of morphological process is used to form the plural? Describe its form and relationship to the rest of the word. Be specific.
Reduplicate the first syllable of a noun and prefix it to the noun to make the noun plural.
Given [múla] 'plant', what form would you expect for 'plants'? mumúla
Given [tawtáwa] 'windows', what form would you expect for 'window'? táwa
III. Veracruz
Identify each of the morphemes in the data above. kwa 'eat'
IV. Latin
Identify the morphemes in the data above.
beāt- 'happy' dōmin- 'master' vēni- 'come' -t 3rd S Subj -unt 3rd Pl Subj
bon- 'good' rēgin- 'queen' audi- 'hear'
puell- 'girl'
amic- 'friend'
Case and Number for
dōmin- and amic- (masculine nouns)
and for the adjectives that modify them
Subject Object
Nominative Accusative
-us -um
-i -os
Case and Number for
rēgin- and puell- (feminine nouns)
and for the adjectives that modify them
Subject Object
Nominative Accusative
-a -am
-ae -ās
Note that there is a great deal of agreement in these sentences. What kinds of words agree? What kinds of words are agreed with?
Adjectives agree in case, number and gender with the nouns they modify.
Verbs agree in person and number with their subjects.
V. Georgian
Nouns: ivane 'John' mc'eri 'insect' k'at'a 'cat'
Verbs: -k'vd- 'die' c'veb 'lie down' k'l 'kill'
Prefixes: mo- 'past tense' v- '1st person singular (intransitive?) subject'
Suffixes: -a '3rd person singular subject' -i '1st person singular subject' -m subject of transitive (ergative) -- subject of intransitive/object of transitive (absolutive)
Georgian has an ergative-absolutive case-marking system.
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