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Homologous chromosomes are a pair of matching chromosomes in an organism, with one being inherited from each parent.
For example, the two copies of Chromosome 1 in a cell would be referred to as homologous chromosomes
homologous chromosomes contain genes for the same traits, but there may be variation between them, resulting in different alleles (versions of each gene)
The diagram above shows homologous chromosomes before and after DNA replication.
During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up with each other to form a tetrad, then swap some of their genes (called crossing over).
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