Sophomores
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Biochemistry
Alex Akbarian
Organochlorine pesticides (OC’s) are a form of pesticides used for mosquito control that have been banned in some countries but many countries still use these pesticides. These pesticides are dangerous to a human because they appear similar to the body's natural thyroid hormones t3 and t4, making them endocrine disruptors. Previous studies have shown they can also affect the immune system by causing an autoimmune thyroid, which is a condition due to the body's ...
Environmental Science
Chloe Ji
It is necessary to understand the net effect clouds have on the climate because adaptations to climate change will be made and adjusted based on such. Some clouds like stratiform clouds have an overall cooling effect on the climate while other clouds like cirrus clouds have an overall warming effect on the climate, so the net effect clouds have on the climate is currently unknown. Stratiform clouds reflect sunlight and therefore are important to combat climate change. It is important to ...
Behavioral Science
Chloe Lee
Anxiety is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders among adolescents. Previous research has established a link between emotion dysregulation (ED), the inability to regulate emotional responses, and anxiety. There is a clear need for more treatment options to be available for anxiety and ED problems because of the significant impact they have on an individual’s overall emotional wellness. An intervention that has been proven to be successful in alleviating anxiety symptoms ...
Plant/Animal Biology
Chloe Liu
Avian flu killed 52 million birds in 2022 in the United States, taking a toll on the poultry and egg industry and causing infections in humans. A method to monitor and diagnose avian flu in birds is necessary, and a potential way is through the analysis of IgY, the major class of antibody in birds. Because infections change the antibody repertoire, or set of antibodies produced in an individual, study of the antibody repertoire can reveal current and previous infections of a bird ...
Medicine & Health
Elizabeth Sanchez
Asthma is one of the two leading chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) in the world. It affects almost 6 million children under the age of 18 in the United States alone. Vancomycin is an antibiotic that is used to treat serious infections when others fail. Previous research has shown that antibiotic intake at young age can lead to an increased rate of allergy development, alteration of the gut microbiota, and the development of asthma. Prenatal antibiotic exposure findings are still unclear ...
Engineering
Erik Ahdritz
Desalination technology is of utmost importance for combating water scarcity, as it allows humans to tap the limitless water of the ocean. Nuclear desalination is a subset of thermal-based desalination technologies and is promising in its ability to utilize nuclear waste heat (i.e. low-grade heat that is to be wasted in modern power-generation and industrial processes). DCSEC (Direct contact spray-assisted evaporation and condensation) is a powerful thermal desalination technology ...
Behavioral Science
Felicity Bennett
Anxiety and depression in the perinatal period are extremely prevalent, with approximately ten percent of pregnant women in the US suffering from perinatal depression each year. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are one of the most commonly prescribed antidepressant classes for this time period due to their minimal side effects in comparison with others. However, they have recently been associated with various fetal malformations. Due to the stand alone risk of ...
Mathematics
Jai Paradkar
The escalating issue of climate change, triggered by greenhouse gas emissions, has led to widespread consequences such as floods, droughts, and ecological damage. Given that the agricultural sector alone accounts for 10% of global CO₂ emissions, it is imperative to address emissions reduction in this sector. Due to the limited short-term impact of climate change and the substantial costs and decrease in output associated with emission reduction, governmental intervention is necessary to ...
Behavioral Science
Jessica Katz
Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS) is a motor speech disorder in which the core deficit lies in the brain, which is unable to plan and program the movements of speech muscles, such as the lips. This causes decreased intelligibility and worsened receptive and expressive language. Receptive language is the ability to understand and process what others are saying, while expressive language is the ability to communicate wants and needs. To ensure that the child has a chance of being able to talk ...
Medicine & Health
Kamila El Moselhy
During postmenopause, the estrogen in a woman’s body decreases and makes women more susceptible to diseases such as osteoporosis, vasomotor symptoms (VMS), and endometrial hyperplasia. Two treatments that lower the risk of these diseases are SERMs and ERT which have differing effects, and therefore there have been emerging treatments that combine SERMs and ERT to find the optimal medication. In a previous study, a combination of BZA (SERM) and CE (ERT) ...
Neuroscience
Kelly Deng
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating disorder characterized by damaged stress adaptation and repeated flashbacks to trauma. 65-89% of all individuals face a traumatic event in their lifetime, yet only 10-12% develop PTSD. However, in veteran populations, this statistic surges to 30%. Previous genome-wide association studies reveal that genetic predispositions may contribute to PTSD risk; however, the molecular mechanisms remain unknown ...
Medicine & Health
Maxwell Marcus
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) are one of the leading causes of death in America. AAA’s occur when the primary artery in the body grows in diameter and is at risk for spilling blood outside of the artery. One of the major risk factors is smoking tobacco. Tobacco weakens the wall as well as raises blood pressure. Surgery is typically recommended for repairing all large AAA’s but due to the risk factors for tobacco it may be too risky. The hypothesis of this study is that if patients who smoke ...
Medicine & Health
Nadia Ahsan
Currently, only 59% of upper-limb amputees use a prosthetic routinely. In order for people to feel comfortable using their prosthetic, it is important to incorporate the ability to feel through their prosthetic. To do this, there are two separately tested methods: electrically stimulating the peripheral nerves (PNS), and electrically stimulating the spinal cord (SCS). However, these two methods ...
Medicine & Health
Stephanie Liu
Hair cells are essential cells in the auditory system which can not be regenerated and deafness could occur if they are lost or damaged. However, embryonic stem cells can be differentiated into otic vesicles—precursors of inner ear cells—that can be developed into organoids which contain the cells in the inner ear, including hair cells. Previous studies have demonstrated the successful development of otic organoids using Matrigel-based cultures, but there is still variability in organoid formation ...
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