Neuroscience
Astrocyte and Neuron Intercellular Genes
Jeffrey Lee
Neuroscience
Jeffrey Lee
Astrocytes, support cells, outnumber the amount of neurons, the “thinking” cells, by 5 times. In inflammation, the immune cells in the brain, such as microglia, will detect a stimulus, such as a bacteria, and trigger inflammation through the use of cytokines, chemical messengers between cells. These cytokines will talk to other cells in the brain causing a change in gene expression. For neurons, this change in gene expression means cell death, whereas for astrocytes, the cytokines will cause them to turn into pseudo-immune cells (reactive astrocytes). Previous studies found all the differences in transcriptomes between reactive astrocytes and regular astrocytes. Other studies looked at specific cell to cell genes in both neurons and reactive astrocytes. I found all the genes underlying the cell to cell relationships of reactive astrocytes and neurons in inflammation (meaning that the genes I found are cell to cell neuronal inflammatory genes and cell to cell reactive astrocytic inflammatory genes). I found these genes by looking at the differentially expressed genes, genes whose gene expression changes, of different cellular models. This research was completed by September 1st of 2022. One particular gene we found was LASP1 which has to do with transmembrane proteins and the cytoskeleton. Yet, these results should be confirmed in a laboratory. In the future, after confirmation, these genes can be a target for treatments, especially as these genes will affect more than one cell type.