Students discover how healthcare professionals act as medical detectives to identify, treat, and prevent illness in their patients. Students collect and interpret vital signs to evaluate patient health, explore different infectious disease agents, and design and conduct experiments to test the effectiveness of antibiotics on bacteria. In the end-of-lesson project, students collect and analyze medical data to diagnose a patient with a mystery illness.
Have you experienced a medical professional checking your vital signs in the past?
What was it like?
What vital signs were taken?
Did the medical professional explain the results of your vital signs?
Have you ever experienced symptoms of not getting enough water to drink when playing sports or exercising?
What did it feel like?
How do you think your body compensated or tried to compensate for the lack of sufficient hydration?
Why is it important for the body to remain hydrated, especially when being physically active?
Hospital emergency rooms (ERs) are busy places where critical, life and death decisions need to be made quickly. Like a detective gathering clues to investigate a case, an ER doctor relies on every clue to help patients quickly.
Nurses and other medical staff collect vital signs from patients arriving in the emergency room. Data collected from patients, like their heart rate and temperature, help medical professionals decide which patients need urgent and immediate treatment. This essential medical evidence also gives the doctor an idea of how to proceed to diagnose the patient’s illness and ensure appropriate care and treatment. Vital signs provide the first clues when investigating any medical mystery.
Take a deeper look at the different vital signs that give us a glimpse into what’s happening inside the human body.
Measurements, specifically pulse rate, temperature, respiration rate, and blood pressure, that indicate the state of a patient's essential body functions.
Checking vital signs is just a standard routine and only used to track a person’s health in medical records.
Vital signs can only be checked by a nurse.
All devices and methods for checking vital signs provide equivalent data.
A patient enters the emergency room complaining of pain near the kidneys. The patient is examined for possible kidney stones, but none are found. The ER nurse continues to take the patient’s vital signs and notices an abnormal respiratory rate. The nurse reviews the vital sign data with the doctor and discusses the patient’s breathing difficulty. Using these additional clues, the ER doctor investigates the patient’s lungs and discovers a blood clot that’s causing the pain. Appropriate treatment is given to remove the clot.
ER medical professionals are trained to pay close attention to vital signs and other medical clues to make quick, sometimes life-dependent, treatment decisions.