Physical World

PW1

Energy transfer through different mediums can be explained using wave and particle models.

a. explain, in terms of the particle model, the processes underlying convection and conduction of heat energy

b. identify situations where waves transfer energy

c. describe qualitatively, using the wave model, the features of waves including wavelength, frequency and speed

d. explain, using the particle model, the transmission of sound in different mediums

e. relate the properties of different types of radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum to their uses in everyday life, including communications technology

f. describe the occurrence and some applications of absorption, reflection and refraction in everyday situations

PW2

The motion of objects can be described and predicted using the laws of physics.

a. describe qualitatively the relationship between force, mass and acceleration

b. explain qualitatively the relationship between distance, speed and time

c. relate acceleration qualitatively to a change in speed and/or direction as a result of a net force

d. analyse qualitatively everyday situations involving motion in terms of Newton's laws

PW3

Scientific understanding of current electricity has resulted in technological developments designed to improve the efficiency in generation and use of electricity.

a. describe voltage, current and resistance in terms of energy applied, carried and dissipated

b. describe qualitatively the relationship between voltage, resistance and current

Ohm’s Law - How Voltage, Current, and Resistance Relate | Ohm's Law | Electronics Textbook

‪Ohm's Law‬

c. compare the characteristics and applications of series and parallel electrical circuits

Circuitry 101: Examples of Series Circuits & How They WorkThe odds are high that you use series circuits every day. But what are they and how do they work?

Series Circuit Characteristics | Voltage, Current, Resistance, PowerSimply defined a series circuit is a circuit that contains only one current path. This article covers series circuit characteristics: power, voltage, current, & resistance.

The Characteristics of a Parallel CircuitSeries and parallel circuits differ in function and have different methods for calculating quantities such as resistance, current, voltage, conductance and inductance. For series-parallel circuits, the circuit can be treated as a series and a parallel circuit. A parallel circuit diagram is used.

How to Wire a Battery in SeriesA basic principle of electricity is that electrons flow through a circuit. They're pushed from the positive terminal of a battery through the wiring until they return to the negative terminal of the battery. The two methods of modifying a circuit are called parallel and series. In the former, the electrons can ...

‪Circuit Construction Kit: DC - Virtual Lab‬

d. outline recent examples where scientific or technological developments have involved specialist teams from different branches of science, engineering and technology, eg low- emissions electricity generation and reduction in atmospheric pollution

6 New Technologies Which Could Improve Urban Air QualityIn this blog, Richard Howard, Policy Exchange’s head of environment and energy, considers the potential for a number of emerging technologies to improve urban air quality.

History of Reducing Air Pollution from Transportation in the United States | US EPA

PW4

Energy conservation in a system can be explained by describing energy transfers and transformations.

a. apply the law of conservation of energy to account for the total energy involved in energy transfers and transformations

b. describe how, in energy transfers and transformations, a variety of processes can occur so that usable energy is reduced and the system is not 100% efficient

c. discuss, using examples, how the values and needs of contemporary society can influence the focus of scientific research in the area of increasing efficiency of the use of electricity by individuals and society

d. discuss viewpoints and choices that need to be considered in making decisions about the use of non-renewable energy resources

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