Chemical World

a. identify that all matter is made of atoms which are composed of protons, neutrons and electrons 

b. describe the structure of atoms in terms of the nucleus, protons, neutrons and electrons

c. outline historical developments of the atomic theory to demonstrate how models and theories have been contested and refined over time through a process of review by the scientific community

d. identify that natural radioactivity arises from the decay of nuclei in atoms, releasing particles and energy

e. evaluate the benefits and problems associated with medical and industrial uses of nuclear energy

a. identify the atom as the smallest unit of an element and that it can be represented by a symbol

b. distinguish between the atoms of some common elements by comparing information about the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons

c. describe the organisation of elements in the Periodic Table using their atomic number

d. relate the properties of some common elements to their position in the Periodic Table

e. predict, using the Periodic Table, the properties of some common elements

f. outline some examples to show how creativity, logical reasoning and the scientific evidence available at the time, contributed to the development of the modern Periodic Table

a. recall that all matter is composed of atoms and has mass

b. identify a range of compounds using their common names and chemical formulae

c. classify compounds into groups based on common chemical characteristics

d. investigate a range of types of important chemical reactions that occur in non-living systems and involve energy transfer, including:

– combustion 

– the reaction of acids including metals and carbonates 

– corrosion

– precipitation

– neutralisation

– decomposition

e. identify some examples of important chemical reactions that occur in living systems and involve energy transfer, including respiration and reactions involving acids such as occur during digestion 

f. construct word equations from observations and written descriptions of a range of chemical reactions

g. deduce that new substances are formed during chemical reactions by rearranging atoms rather than creating or destroying them

a. identify that chemical reactions involve energy transfer and can be exothermic or endothermic

b. compare combustion and respiration as types of chemical reactions that release energy but occur at different rates

c. describe the effects of factors, eg temperature and catalysts, on the rate of some common chemical reactions

d. analyse how social, ethical and environmental considerations can influence decisions about scientific research related to the development and production of new materials

e. describe examples to show where advances in science and/or emerging science and technologies significantly affect people's lives, including generating new career opportunities in areas of chemical science such as biochemistry and industrial chemistry