Objectives:

• Explain briefly the history and physics of how ultrasound images are generated.

• Describe the layout of the ultrasound system in terms of button location and functionality Understand the concepts of frequency, depth, and gain effect on the image.

• Appreciate the artifacts of low attenuation, high attenuation, refraction, reverberation and mirror image.

• Choose the correct probe for intended scan.

• Describe the orientation of the transducer with respect to the image on the screen.

• Examine the thyroid including the isthmus in longitudinal and transverse planes.

• Demonstrate the anterior neck musculature and attachment points along the clavicle.

• Outline the jugular veins and note the change in diameter during valsalva and body inclination and how the jugular vein abruptly tapers on sagittal view.

• Hands-on Objectives:

  • • 1. Turn on and off machine

      2. Enter patient medical record number, operator ID, activate proper transducer, and save images

      3. Adjust depth, frequency, gain

      4. Measure imaged structures

      5. Demonstrate indicator orientation

      6. Hold the transducer properly

      7. Communicate respectfully to patient, maintain privacy

      8. Demonstrate proper cleaning and care of machine

      9. Demonstrate each lobe of the thyroid in transverse and longitudinal planes

      10. Demonstrate the musculature of zone 2 of the neck

      11. Demonstrate the jugular vein with and without body inclination

      12. Measure the diameter of a vessel

      13. Show and explain blood flow using color doppler

      14. Demonstrate how ultrasound is integrated into CVC placement