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7-9% of the AP exam will come from this chapter!
7-9% of the AP exam will come from this chapter!
Famous People from the Learning Unit
Famous People from the Learning Unit
John B. Watson
Watson was a Behaviorist who wanted to see if fears were something we are born with or if they can be conditioned. His famous experiment that tested his theory was the Little Albert experiment where he proved phobias and fears can be classically conditioned.
John Garcia
Garcia studied taste aversion as it applied to classical conditioning. He discovered then a rat ate a novel substance before being nauseated by a drug, the rat developed a conditioned taste aversion to that substance.
Edward Thorndike
Thorndike created The Law of Effect. His experiments revolved around cats trapped in puzzle boxes and trying to figure out how to escape. The law of Effect says that when a behavior is strengthened when it is followed by a favorable consequence and a behavior is weakened when followed by an unfavorable consequence. This is the basis for operant conditioning.
Albert Bandura
Bandura studied the effects of observational learning on children in regards to aggression. His famous experiment, the Bobo Doll study, suggested that when children watch aggressive footage, they will become more aggressive and try to imitate what they have just seen.
Wolfgang Kohler
He is famous for his experiments with chimpanzees in which they solved problems to earn tokens as rewards. They could then trade is tokens for rewards like bananas. These experiments show the use of secondary reinforcers. It also showed the chimps were able to problem solve and learn.
Edward Tolman
Tolman was a cognitive psychologist who experimented with rats in mazes. He proved learning can take place without the use of reinforcement and punishment. He discovered latent learning and cognitive maps.
Ivan Pavlov
Pavlov was a Russian physiologist. He was working with dogs and doing research on their salivary glands. He discovered that when he rang a bell before bringing food out for the dog, the dog would drool without any food even present. Through these trials, he formed the basis for the process of Classical Conditioning.
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