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Unit 3 Vocabulary
States of Consciousness flashcard list.docxStages of Sleep and Dreaming
Stages of Sleep and Dreaming
When researching sleep or attempting to diagnose certain sleep disorders, people will participate in a sleep lab experiment where they are hooked up to a EEG while they sleep. The machine records the different brain waves as you enter various stages of sleep.
Skip to 32:17 to watch portion about Teenage Sleep
States of Consciousness.pptx
4 Stages of Sleep
4 Stages of Sleep
The period of Non-Rapid Eye Movement (nREM) sleep is made up of stages 1-3. Each stage can last from 5 to 15 minutes. A completed cycle of sleep consists of a progression from stages 1-3 before REM sleep starts, then the cycle starts over again(Understanding Sleep).
AWAKE: During periods of wakefulness, our brains are emitting beta waves. When we are in a period of relaxation, our brain is emitting alpha waves.
Stage 1/Non-REM 1 (N1): The eyes are closed during Stage 1 sleep. One can be woken up without difficulty, however, if woken up from this stage, a person may feel as if he or she has not slept. Stage 1 may last for five to ten minutes. Many may notice the feeling of falling during this stage. In Stage 1, the brain produces high amplitude theta waves, which are very slow brain waves.
Stage 2/Non-REM2 (N2): The 2nd stage of sleep lasts for approximately 20 minutes. The brain begins to produce rapid, rhythmic brain wave activity known as sleep spindles (which is unusual because rapid brain waves are not seen until REM sleep). The body temperature starts to decrease and heart rate begins to slow down.
Stages 3/Non-REM 3 (N3): Deep, slow brain waves known as delta waves begin to emerge during stages 3 and 4 sleep. During these stages, people become less responsive and won't recognize outside noises. This is a transitional period between light sleep and deep sleep. These stages of sleep together can last for up to 30 minutes Also, sleep walking, night terrors, and bed wetting are common in these stages.(States of Consciousness)
REM: This stage is the deepest and most important type of sleep. REM stands for Rapid Eye Movement because when you are in it, your eyes dart around under your eyelids quickly. You also breath rapidly with your chest rising and falling quickly. Physically, with the eye movement and rapid breathing, your body appears to be aroused and alert. Brain waves at this time look very similar to alpha and beta waves. In reality, your body is paralyzed from the neck down. Due to these conflicting facts, REM is known as paradoxical sleep. This is where the move vivid, movie-like dreams occur. REM sleep is also linked to memory consolidation. One period of REM sleep only lasts about 10 minutes.
Sleep Disorders
Sleep Disorders
Surveys conducted by the NSF (1999-2004) reveal that at least 40 million Americans suffer from over 70 different sleep disorders and 60 percent of adults report having sleep problems a few nights a week or more. Most of those with these problems go undiagnosed and untreated. In addition, more than 40 percent of adults experience daytime sleepiness severe enough to interfere with their daily activities at least a few days each month - with 20 percent reporting problem sleepiness a few days a week or more. Furthermore, 69 percent of children experience one or more sleep problems a few nights or more during a week (APA).
Sleep disorders consist of:
Sleep apnea- Sleep apnea usually is acondition that disrupts your sleep. When your breathing pauses or becomes shallow, you’ll often move out of deep sleep and into light sleep, or you wake up for a few seconds frequently. As a result, the quality of your sleep is poor, which makes you tired during the day. Sleep apnea is a leading cause of excessive daytime sleepiness. Sleep apnea is often seen in people that are overweight. (Sleep Apnea)
Insomnia- A sleep disorder that is characterized by difficulty falling and/or staying asleep. People with insomnia have one or more of the following symptoms:
- Difficulty falling asleep
- Waking up often during the night and having trouble going back to sleep (Insomnia)
Night terrors- A night terror is a sleep disruption that seems similar to a nightmare, but with a far more dramatic presentation. Though night terrors can be alarming for parents who witness them. Night terrors happen during deep non-REM sleep unlike nightmares which occur during REM sleep. During a night terror, a child might suddenly sit upright in bed and shout out or scream in distress. The child's breathing and heartbeat might be faster, he or she might sweat, thrash around, and act upset and scared. After a few minutes, or sometimes longer, a child simply calms down and returns to sleep. Unlike nightmares, which kids often remember, kids won't have any memory of a night terror the next day because they were in deep sleep when it happened. (Night Terrors)
Narcolepsy- Narcolepsy is a chronic brain disorder that involves poor control of sleep-wake cycles. People with narcolepsy experience periods of extreme daytime sleepiness and sudden, irresistible bouts of sleep that can strike at any time. People with narcolepsy experience excessive daytime sleepiness and intermittent, uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the daytime. (Narcolepsy)
Why do we sleep and dream?
Why do we sleep and dream?
DOC111617-11162017191045.pdfUse this reading to complete the charts handed out in class. If you have lost your copy, it is attached below for you to print out.
Altered States
Altered States
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