Carbon dating 14, in the late 1940's Willard Libby discovered a way to determine the age of dead plants and animals remains.
All living things are made of carbon. A very small amount of this carbon is carbon-14 a radioactive isotope. One a plant or animal dies, the carbon-14 in its body begins to disintegrate. Since we know how fast carbon-14 decays, we can determine the approximate age of organic matter.