Unit 7 Vocabulary
SS.7.C.3.3
SS.7.C.3.3
appellate jurisdiction: the power to hear appeals of cases which have been tried in lower courts
appellate jurisdiction: the power to hear appeals of cases which have been tried in lower courts
armed forces: the nation’s military (Air Force, Army, Coast Guard, Marines, National Guard and Navy)
armed forces: the nation’s military (Air Force, Army, Coast Guard, Marines, National Guard and Navy)
article: a numbered chapter or section of a contract, treaty, or constitution
article: a numbered chapter or section of a contract, treaty, or constitution
coining money: the power of the legislative branch to print money (coins and bills) for use
coining money: the power of the legislative branch to print money (coins and bills) for use
concurrent powers: powers shared by the national, state, and/or local government
concurrent powers: powers shared by the national, state, and/or local government
declaration of war: the power of Congress to vote to go to war with another country
declaration of war: the power of Congress to vote to go to war with another country
delegated powers: the powers specifically named and assigned to the federal government or prohibited to be exercised by the states under the U.S. Constitution, also known as enumerated powers
delegated powers: the powers specifically named and assigned to the federal government or prohibited to be exercised by the states under the U.S. Constitution, also known as enumerated powers
elastic clause: the power of Congress to pass all laws they deem necessary and proper for carrying out its enumerated powers (also known as implied powers)
elastic clause: the power of Congress to pass all laws they deem necessary and proper for carrying out its enumerated powers (also known as implied powers)
enumerated powers: the powers specifically named and assigned to the federal government or prohibited to be exercised by the states under the U.S. Constitution, also known as delegated powers
enumerated powers: the powers specifically named and assigned to the federal government or prohibited to be exercised by the states under the U.S. Constitution, also known as delegated powers
executive branch: the branch of government that enforces the laws made by the legislative branch
executive branch: the branch of government that enforces the laws made by the legislative branch
foreign relations: the power of the executive branch to decide on the United States’ dealings with other countries in order to achieve national goals
foreign relations: the power of the executive branch to decide on the United States’ dealings with other countries in order to achieve national goals
immigration: the movement of people from one country into another country
immigration: the movement of people from one country into another country
impeach: to bring formal charges of wrongdoing against a public official (such as the U.S. President)
impeach: to bring formal charges of wrongdoing against a public official (such as the U.S. President)
implied powers: powers not written in the U.S. Constitution but are necessary and proper in order for the federal government to carry out the expressed powers; Article 1, Section 8, Clause 18 gives Congress the power to do what it deems “necessary and proper” to carry out the delegated powers
implied powers: powers not written in the U.S. Constitution but are necessary and proper in order for the federal government to carry out the expressed powers; Article 1, Section 8, Clause 18 gives Congress the power to do what it deems “necessary and proper” to carry out the delegated powers
judicial branch: the branch of government that interprets the laws made by the legislative branch
judicial branch: the branch of government that interprets the laws made by the legislative branch
legislative branch: the branch of government that creates laws
legislative branch: the branch of government that creates laws
naturalization laws: laws made by Congress that people from other countries must follow in order to become legal citizens of the United States
naturalization laws: laws made by Congress that people from other countries must follow in order to become legal citizens of the United States
necessary and proper clause: the power of Congress to make laws they view as necessary and proper to carry out their enumerated powers; also known as the elastic clause
necessary and proper clause: the power of Congress to make laws they view as necessary and proper to carry out their enumerated powers; also known as the elastic clause
original jurisdiction: the power of a court to be the first to hear a case on a specific topic
original jurisdiction: the power of a court to be the first to hear a case on a specific topic
presidential appointments: the power of the U.S. President to choose members of his or her cabinet, ambassadors to other nations, and other officials in his or her administration
presidential appointments: the power of the U.S. President to choose members of his or her cabinet, ambassadors to other nations, and other officials in his or her administration
regulate: to control, govern, or direct according to rule .
regulate: to control, govern, or direct according to rule .
trade: to buy and sell goods or services
trade: to buy and sell goods or services
U.S. Congress: the national legislative body of the U.S., consisting of the Senate, and the House of Representatives
U.S. Congress: the national legislative body of the U.S., consisting of the Senate, and the House of Representatives
U.S. Supreme Court: the highest court of the United States; it sits at the top of the federal court system
U.S. Supreme Court: the highest court of the United States; it sits at the top of the federal court system
SS.7.C.3.8/3.9
SS.7.C.3.8/3.9
act: legislation that has passed both houses of Congress, has been signed into law by the president, or passed despite his veto, and therefore becomes law
act: legislation that has passed both houses of Congress, has been signed into law by the president, or passed despite his veto, and therefore becomes law
appointment: job or duty that is given to a person
appointment: job or duty that is given to a person
appointment confirmation: the process of the Senate approving the president’s choices for certain positions within the government
appointment confirmation: the process of the Senate approving the president’s choices for certain positions within the government
bicameral: having two chambers (e.g. the two houses of Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives)
bicameral: having two chambers (e.g. the two houses of Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives)
bill: a proposal for a law
bill: a proposal for a law
Cabinet: people appointed by the president to head executive departments of government and act as official advisers to the president
Cabinet: people appointed by the president to head executive departments of government and act as official advisers to the president
committee selection: how representatives and senators are chosen for their assigned committees
committee selection: how representatives and senators are chosen for their assigned committees
conference committee: a temporary panel composed of House and Senate members, which is formed for the purpose of reconciling differences in legislation that has passed both chambers. Conference committees are usually convened to resolve differences on major and controversial legislation.
conference committee: a temporary panel composed of House and Senate members, which is formed for the purpose of reconciling differences in legislation that has passed both chambers. Conference committees are usually convened to resolve differences on major and controversial legislation.
constituents: people public officials are elected to represent
constituents: people public officials are elected to represent
court order: a formal statement from a court that orders someone to do or stop doing something
court order: a formal statement from a court that orders someone to do or stop doing something
executive order: an order that comes from the U.S. President or a government agency and must be obeyed like a law
executive order: an order that comes from the U.S. President or a government agency and must be obeyed like a law
judgment: a formal decision given by a court
judgment: a formal decision given by a court
jurisdiction: the right and power for courts to hear a case, interpret and apply the law
jurisdiction: the right and power for courts to hear a case, interpret and apply the law
law: a rule established by government or other source of authority to regulate people’s conduct or activities
law: a rule established by government or other source of authority to regulate people’s conduct or activities
nominate: to suggest a person for a position or office
nominate: to suggest a person for a position or office
ordinance: a law enacted by a city or county affecting local affairs such as traffic, noise, and animal control
ordinance: a law enacted by a city or county affecting local affairs such as traffic, noise, and animal control
pardon: the formal act of forgiving someone or excusing a mistake
pardon: the formal act of forgiving someone or excusing a mistake
President pro tempore of the Senate: the person who presides over the Senate when the Vice President is not present
President pro tempore of the Senate: the person who presides over the Senate when the Vice President is not present
school board: the group of persons elected to manage local public schools
school board: the group of persons elected to manage local public schools
Speaker of the House: an office identified in Article I, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution; the leader of the U.S. House of Representatives, usually the highest ranking member of the majority party
Speaker of the House: an office identified in Article I, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution; the leader of the U.S. House of Representatives, usually the highest ranking member of the majority party
special committee: a permanent committee established under the standing rules of both houses of Congress that focuses specific subject areas (e.g. Special Committee on Aging)
special committee: a permanent committee established under the standing rules of both houses of Congress that focuses specific subject areas (e.g. Special Committee on Aging)
special interest groups: a group of people who are concerned with a particular issue and who try to influence legislators to act in their favor, also known as an interest group
special interest groups: a group of people who are concerned with a particular issue and who try to influence legislators to act in their favor, also known as an interest group
standing committee: permanent committee that focuses on specific subject areas (e.g. Education and the Workforce Committee)
standing committee: permanent committee that focuses on specific subject areas (e.g. Education and the Workforce Committee)
U. S. Representative: a member of the U.S House of Representatives; representatives are elected in districts throughout each state
U. S. Representative: a member of the U.S House of Representatives; representatives are elected in districts throughout each state
U. S. Senator: a member of the U.S. Senate elected to represent an entire state, there are two senators per state
U. S. Senator: a member of the U.S. Senate elected to represent an entire state, there are two senators per state
veto: a decision by an executive authority such as a president or governor to reject a proposed law or statue
veto: a decision by an executive authority such as a president or governor to reject a proposed law or statue
writ of certiorari: the procedure to see if the U.S. Supreme Court will hear a case; a writ of certiorari is issued when a higher level court agrees to hear an appeal of an inferior court’s decision
writ of certiorari: the procedure to see if the U.S. Supreme Court will hear a case; a writ of certiorari is issued when a higher level court agrees to hear an appeal of an inferior court’s decision
SS.7.C.3.11
SS.7.C.3.11
appeal noun: a request, made after a trial, asking a higher court to decide whether that trial was conducted properly
appeal noun: a request, made after a trial, asking a higher court to decide whether that trial was conducted properly
appellate court: any court that has the power to hear appeals from lower courts
appellate court: any court that has the power to hear appeals from lower courts
Chief Justice: the head justice, the Chief Justice is “first among equals”
Chief Justice: the head justice, the Chief Justice is “first among equals”
circuit courts: a court for a defined region of a state (usually including several counties) that has specific divisions and hears cases involving more serious crimes (felonies) and civil cases involving large amounts of money (more than $1000)
circuit courts: a court for a defined region of a state (usually including several counties) that has specific divisions and hears cases involving more serious crimes (felonies) and civil cases involving large amounts of money (more than $1000)
county courts: a court that hears both civil and criminal cases involving less serious crimes or minor issues for one specific county
county courts: a court that hears both civil and criminal cases involving less serious crimes or minor issues for one specific county
District Court of Appeals: an appellate court in the state court system that reviews decisions made by the lower trial courts
District Court of Appeals: an appellate court in the state court system that reviews decisions made by the lower trial courts
Florida Circuit Courts: the courts that have general jurisdiction over matters not covered by the county courts
Florida Circuit Courts: the courts that have general jurisdiction over matters not covered by the county courts
Florida County Courts: the courts where most non-jury trials occur; they are referred to as “the people’s courts” because they handle minor disagreements between citizens and minor criminal offenses
Florida County Courts: the courts where most non-jury trials occur; they are referred to as “the people’s courts” because they handle minor disagreements between citizens and minor criminal offenses
Florida Supreme Court: the highest court in Florida
Florida Supreme Court: the highest court in Florida
Justice: the title given to judges of the U.S. Supreme Court and Florida Supreme Court
Justice: the title given to judges of the U.S. Supreme Court and Florida Supreme Court
trial court: the local, state, or federal court that is the first to hear a civil or criminal case; involves a hearing and decision with a single judge, with or without a jury
trial court: the local, state, or federal court that is the first to hear a civil or criminal case; involves a hearing and decision with a single judge, with or without a jury
U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals: the courts where parties who are dissatisfied with the judgment of a U.S. District court may take their case
U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals: the courts where parties who are dissatisfied with the judgment of a U.S. District court may take their case
U.S. District Courts: the courts where most federal cases begin, the U.S. District Courts are courts of original jurisdiction and hear civil and criminal cases
U.S. District Courts: the courts where most federal cases begin, the U.S. District Courts are courts of original jurisdiction and hear civil and criminal cases
SS.7.C.3.12
SS.7.C.3.12
Bush v. Gore: U.S. Supreme Court case that determined that states cannot violate the Equal Protection Clause under the Fourteenth Amendment when conducting election recounts.
Bush v. Gore: U.S. Supreme Court case that determined that states cannot violate the Equal Protection Clause under the Fourteenth Amendment when conducting election recounts.
Equal Protection Clause: the section of the Fourteenth Amendment that says that states must apply the law equally and cannot discriminate against citizens or groups of citizens
Equal Protection Clause: the section of the Fourteenth Amendment that says that states must apply the law equally and cannot discriminate against citizens or groups of citizens
executive privilege: the belief that the conversations between the president and his aides are confidential
executive privilege: the belief that the conversations between the president and his aides are confidential
judicial review: the power of the judicial branch to review the actions of the executive and legislative branches and determine whether or not they are unconstitutional (this includes laws passed by Congress); the U.S. Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison established this power such actions are consistent with the U.S. Constitution
judicial review: the power of the judicial branch to review the actions of the executive and legislative branches and determine whether or not they are unconstitutional (this includes laws passed by Congress); the U.S. Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison established this power such actions are consistent with the U.S. Constitution
legal equality: the concept that everyone is equal in the eyes of the law
legal equality: the concept that everyone is equal in the eyes of the law
Marbury v. Madison: U.S. Supreme Court case that established judicial review
Marbury v. Madison: U.S. Supreme Court case that established judicial review
United States v. Nixon: U.S. Supreme Court case that limited executive privilege
United States v. Nixon: U.S. Supreme Court case that limited executive privilege