Substitution

Substitution refers to using technology as a direct replacement for a traditional tool, with no functional change. 

• The task stays the same.

• The technology simply replaces an older method.

• There's no enhancement or transformation of the learning experience.

Key Characteristics

• No pedagogical shift: Teaching and learning strategies remain unchanged.

• Minimal impact on learning outcomes: The use of technology does not enhance or transform student learning.

• Often used as a starting point for integrating tech in classrooms