Use the slides to complete your assignment on Julius Caesar. Use the sources below to explore different arguments and events related to Julius Caesar. Some of the sources in the slides repeat in content below.
View the video to the left for a pretty good overview of Caesar's life and conflicts.
Classical Historians
Titus Livius (59 BC - 17 AD) - The History of Rome (8 Volumes)
Cassius Dio (165 AD - 235 AD) - Book XLIV on Julius Caesar, from Roman History
Plutarch (AD 46 - AD 119) - Chapter on The Life of Julius Caesar, from The Parallel Lives
Gaius Suetonius (AD 69 - AD 122) - Life of Julius Caesar, from The Lives of the Twelve Caesars
Livius.org: Page holds a number of texts on Julius Caesar and events in his lifetime, including some of his own writings.
Appian of Alexandria (95-165 AD): -from Roman History, Book II - The Civil Wars (after Sulla).
Full Text of The Roman History by Appian can be found here.
Enlightenment Historians
Edward Gibbon (1737-1794 CE) - The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (Written in six volumes from 1776 - 1789. Gibbon speaks more of the time of Empire in Rome, not on its Republican time. -see sections on the Theodosius and the Destruction of Paganism - Destruction of Books & The Library at Alexandria (Egypt) in Volume Three Chapters XXVII - XXIX (and beyond).
The Civil War between The Roman Senate and Julius Caesar
These videos call the Civil War "Caesar's" though doing so is questionable; we must do deep, close, careful research to determine who was to blame for the Civil War, and much research online makes numerous assumptions without citing or even perhaps using source material. We should always be careful before assuming these sources are correct and ask ourselves where is proof? What does the real evidence show?
Most scholars have followed the senators' arguments about Julius Caesar, arguing that he was a power-hungry tyrant who wanted to destroy the Roman Republic. However, few scholars have questioned their clearly biased and dubious opinions, and virtually all of the older sources - Plutarch, Suetonius, Dio, Gibbon, and others - share the same aristocratic, or upper class, biases. Use the following sources to investigate the claim that Julius Caesar was "ambitious," "immodest," "intent on war with the senate," and caused the downfall of the Roman Republic.
Pro: Julius Caesar was a tyrant, hell-bent on war and overthrowing the Roman Republic.
Professor Titchener of Utah State makes the traditional argument about Julius Caesar and used sources such as Plutarch, Suetonius, and Edward Gibbon. Listen to her renowned lectures and take notes especially about the claims made about Julius Caesar. Audio focused on Julius Caesar includes the section called "Leadup to Julius Caesar."
Is it, though, really honest?
Con: Julius Caesar was, actually, "a dictatorship for the proletariat" - or a leader of the common people (Plebeians).
Harvard Scholar Michael J. Parenti studied the history and biases of the scholars on Roman Republic and claimed that in fact, Julius Caesar was far from a tyrant hell-bent on war with the senate and putting an end to the Roman Republic, and that despite perhaps taking single-handed power & control of the government, his numerous actions and seizing of power were always for the common people. He was a generous man - with flaws, for sure, and who took actions we would today consider inexcusable - that practiced clemency and possessed empathy for the people. Read from Chapters 6 and especially chapter 8 to identify both corrupt, greedy actions of the Roman senate, and the numerous political actions for the common people (Plebs) Julius Caesar took to balance society and help the cause(s) of various common people in Rome and other countries. What, Parenti asks, were the true motives of the corrupt senate Optimates such as Marcus Tullius Cicero, Gaius Cassius Longinus, and Marcus Junius Brutus?
Professor & Scholar Michael J. Parenti - who studied at City College of NY, Brown University, and Yale University.
Following completion of his doctorate, Parenti taught political and social science at various institutions of higher learning, including the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UI). In May 1970 while he was an associate professor at UI, he participated in a rally protesting the recent Kent State shootings and ongoing Vietnam War. At the rally he was severely clubbed by state troopers and then held in a jail cell for two days.[8]. Also taught at University of Vermont and other educational institutions. Parenti later taught at the Institute for Policy Studies in Washington, D.C., and received a Certificate of Congressional Recognition from US Representative Barbara Lee.
Parenti devoted himself full-time to writing, public speaking, and politics after he was essentially blacklisted from colleges and universities due to his {false] arrest and conviction protesting the Vietnam War at Kent State U. He wrote over 20 books.
Essential Question: What were Caesar's Reforms? The text appears to give over 50! Were these reforms proof of Caesar's ambition and self-centered tyranny, or are they proof of his support of democracy and the people of Rome against a corrupt oligarchy sabotaging democracy in ancient Rome?
Essential Question: Who was at fault for the civil war and the collapse of Rome? Did Caesar attempt to deescalate the conflict? Did the senate attempt to deescalate the conflict? Did Pompey? When and why did he decide to take command of an army?
AFTER JULIUS CAESAR & THE CIVIL WAR
The video above will not play in this Google Site; however, it plays in Youtube. It is unclear why the video is age-restricted since it is a very strong video outlining a lot of major events and details surrounding Julius Caesar and the Republic before its collapse, or conversion to empire. The content focuses upon politics and military issues (including some deaths) especially the Civil War in Rome. Click "Watch on YouTube" to view the content and take notes or learn about key points.
What Happened to All the Conspirators After Julius Caesar's Death?