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Learning Objectives
Recognise and use the Newton(N) as a unit of force.1
Investigate the strength of forces using newtonmetres.
Recognise pushes and pulls as forces
State that forces change the shape of objects, or change their motion.
Experimentally measure the density of regular and irregular shapes.
Experimentally determine the density of water.
Calculate the volume of a regular shape. Understand how to calculate the shape of an irregular object from displacement data.
Understand that 1cm3 = 1ml
Undersand that the density of water (ρ) = 1 g/ cm3
Manipulate the equation density (ρ) = m / V
Experimentally explore floating and sinking
Predict floating or sinking of an object from data.
Distinguish between weight(W) and mass(m)
Understand that mass is the quantity of matter and is measured in g or kg.
Understand that weight is the force of gravity(g) on a mass and is measured in Newtons.
Define gravity as the force between masses, the bigger the mass of the object, the greater
the gravitational force.
Apply the fact that on the surface of the Erath, gravity pulls on each kg with a
force of approximately 10N: g = 10 N / kg (on Earth
Apply and manipulate the formula: W = mg
Experimentally investigate the relationship between an applied force and the extension of a spring.
Explain how the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the extension of the spring. (Hookes Law)
Define pressure(P) as Force(F) per unit Area(A), and use its units N/m2 or Pa.
Calculate pressure under a solid using the formula: P = F/A
Know some applications of pressure under a solid, for example, why an elephant has big feet, why ice skates have a sharp edge, why stiletto shoes damage floor surfaces
Experimentally observe the effect of increasing depth on the pressure of a liquid
Understand that the pressure of a liquid increases with increasing depth and some applications of this, for example the effect of diving into water, why a dam is wider at the base than the top. No calculation of the pressure in a liquid.
Apply the ideas of particle theory to explain air (gas) pressure.
Understand that a vacuum is a space from which all matter, especially air, is removed.
Understnad that the pressure of a gas depends on the number of collisions between the gas particles and the sides of the container.
Explain the relationships between pressure, temperature, and volume of a gas.
Use the concepts of direct and indirect (inverse) proportionality to describe the relationship between variables
Graph volume vs pressure at a fixed temperature and volume vs 1/pressure to illustrate indirect (inverse) proportionality
32. Use temperature pressure data to experimentally determine absolute zero. Absolute zero is when there is no particle movement and therefore no gas pressure.
33. Describe the difference between an absolute and a relative scale.
34. An absolute scale starts at a minimum/zero and can only progress in one direction (negative values don’t exist). A relative scale has a designated zero and values can be determined in either direction (negative values can be measured) 0K = -273℃
35. Explain observations of ‘air pressure’ experiments as an application of air pressure.
36. Explain why inspiration and expiration occurs as an application of air pressure.
37. Understand a simple relationship between air pressure and weather.
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