Operations & emergency response

Operations focus on maintaining safety, efficiency, and sustainability of transportation systems. Key considerations include emergency response planning, traffic management, revenue (e.g., from tolls/fees/tax), pollution control, and routine maintenance & planning.

European roadway operators are responsible for proactively controlling the network, which includes traffic optimization and reducing fatalities. Operators implement advanced traffic management systems, including smart gates with ramp metering at toll booths, dynamic tariffs based on emissions classes, and traffic monitoring using drones. They focus on optimizing network throughput, reducing road space usage for works, and minimizing CO2 emissions by reducing depot trips. This includes continuous service monitoring and improvement, integrating planning across construction works and operations, and implementing proactive congestion control measures.

Railway operations in Europe are characterized by a complex and diverse system involving multiple stakeholders, regulatory frameworks, and technological advancements. Infrastructure management is often institutionally separated from train operations. Infrastructure managers are responsible for maintaining and developing railway infrastructure, including tracks, signalling systems, and stations. They ensure the safety and reliability of the rail network, manage rail traffic, and allocate track access to train operators. Train operators are responsible for safe travel of passengers and freight, including scheduling, ticketing, and running trains. They are responsible for the daily operations of the trains, customer service, and ensuring timely and efficient services. The European Union (EU) plays a significant role in regulating railway operations for interoperability, safety, and competition across member states. This regulatory environment is designed to harmonize the network and promote fair access, efficiency, and innovation.

For both road and railway operators, emergency response planning is critical. Emergency response teams engage in proactive planning to anticipate and prepare for potential incidents. This includes regular training exercises and simulations to ensure readiness for various emergency scenarios. One of the primary responsibilities of emergency response teams is to clear routes of obstructions such as snow or fallen trees. This ensures that travel can resume as quickly as possible and minimizes disruptions. In the event of severe weather or other disruptions, train operators adjust schedules and routes to avoid affected areas. This proactive approach helps maintain service reliability and reduces the impact on passengers. Effective emergency response requires coordination with local authorities, including police, fire departments, and medical services. This collaboration ensures a swift and efficient response to any incident. There is great potential for future safety enhancement through AI, including increased use of autonomous vehicles, vehicle-to-vehicle communications, and automatic detection of hazards via cameras and sensors.