From the Course Guide:
At HL, students are required to write a 1,200 –1,500 word formal essay which develops a particular line of inquiry of their own choice in connection with a non-literary body of work or a literary work studied during the course.
The HL essay offers students an opportunity to develop as independent, critical and creative readers, thinkers and writers by exploring a literary or language topic over an extended period of time, refining their ideas by means of a process of planning, drafting and re-drafting. The essay requires students to construct a focused, analytical argument examining the work from a broad literary or linguistic perspective. It also requires them to adhere to the formal framework of an academic essay, using citations and references.
You choose the line of enquiry for your essay. You need to select a 'a broad literary or linguistic focus'. A broad focus could be character, narrative structure or setting, while a narrow focus could be on a specific motif or the use of imagery. Your line of enquiry should include: a concept; a purpose, the primary source; the topic; and a literary or linguistic focus. See the example below.
You could start by thinking about how a concept is represented and developed in the text you have chosen. The seven concepts upon which we focus on English A are:
Identity
Representation
Culture
Communication
Transformation
Creativity
Perspective
Then you could use this template to create your line of enquiry:
[Question Word] does [Author] [Language] in [Text] to [Purpose] [Topic/Concept]?
Question words: How, In what ways, To what extent, How and to what effect, etc.
Language: use language, text features, elements of the genre, graphic novel features, stage directions, tone, foreshadowing, irony, image and language, contrast, symbolism, allusions, etc.
Purpose: present, convey, construct an understanding of, create a sense of, comment critically on, spread a message, etc.
Topic: themes, ideas, message, conflict, etc.
Concept: identity, representation, creativity, communication, transformation, culture, perspective
I will guide you throughout the HL essay. I can:
help you choose a relevant topic;
advise you throughout the writing process;
give feedback on your plan; and
check on the essay during the drafting process.
I cannot:
tell you which topic to explore or give you a line of enquiry that you must do;
tell you which text to choose;
mark every error and correct every mistake; and
mark more than one draft.
The use of secondary sources is not mandatory for the HLE. However, any that you do use, include any inspiration from any AI sources, must be appropriately cited and referenced. For more of this, see the ATL page on Research and the presentation on how to use MLA as a referencing system. You must adhere to the IB's expectations of academic honesty.
I will share various exemplar HLEs with you from previous years and from the IB. I will put these on Google Classroom.
Use this document to help structure your essay. It also includes a checklist to use before submission.
The HL essay for Language and Literature can be based on any of the literary texts you have studied OR any of the non-literary bodies of work. You cannot use the same texts for two assessments though. This means you cannot use the text you use for the HLE for either the IO or Paper 2. So, you must choose wisely!