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Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
I can explain the physical properties of a substance knowing its constituents.
I can explain the relationship among the macroscopic properties of a substance, the particulate-level structure of the substance, and the interactions between these particles.
Essential knowledge
Essential knowledge
Types of Solids
Types of Solids
There are 4 basic types of solids:
There are 4 basic types of solids:
- Ionic solids
- Covalent Network Solids
- Molecular Solids
- Metallic Solids
The chart below summarized all the types of Solids
Network Covalent Solids
Metallic Solids
Ionic Solids
Molecular Solids
summary tables
summary tables
check your understanding
check your understanding
What elements make up ionic solids?
Ionic solids are formed of metals and nonmetals.
2. What elements make up metallic solids?
Metallic solids are only made up of metals.
3. What elements make up network covalent solids and molecular solids?
Network covalent solids are made up of nonmetals or a combination of nonmetals and semi-metals.
Molecular solids are made up of only nonmetals.
4. What type of solids has the highest melting points?
Network covalent solids are the solids with the highest melting points and that is because melting a network covalent solid requires breaking the covalent bonds that connect the atoms in the network and that needs a big amount of energy.
5. What type of solids will each of the following form?
a. NaCl
b. Aluminum
c. Copper
d. Brass
e. Silicon
f. Graphite
g. Copper Sulfide
h. C2H6O2
i. Ice water
a. NaCl is an ionic solid formed of metals and nonmetals
b. Aluminum is a metallic solid that contain only metals
c. Copper is a metallic solid
d. Brass is a metallic solids and in particular it is an alloy (mixture of two metals Cu and Zn)
e. Silicon is a network covalent solid
f. Graphite is a network covalent solid
g. Copper Sulfide is an ionic solid formed of a metal and nonmetal
h. C2H6O2 is a molecular solid
i. Ice water is a molecular solid
6. Given that dry ice, CO2, has a melting point of −78.5 °C, whereas NaBr has a melting point of 747 °C. Explain the differences in the melting points of each solid.
CO2 is a molecular solid therefore when it melts only Intermolecular forces are being broken. These are the weakest forces so very little energy is required to melt which results in a very low boiling point. SiO2 is an ionic solid therefore when it melts ionic bonds must be broken. Ionic bonds require a large amount of energy to be broken which results in a very high boiling point
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