The coming of age of a child is special to everyone. The journey of a person from childhood and adulthood brings in a various number of factors. One is properly introduced to the world; its goodness is shadowed by new questions of one's self. Tribes from around the world have various customs to celebrate test its young adults; are they ready for the joys and hardships adulthood brings or not?
Below are some of the tribes that have a unique kind of ceremony for the child who is coming of age.
This ritual is a test of masculinity and its synonyms. Children are put through an unimaginable amount of pain to prove their strength and capability for endurance. Although this initiation is not compulsory, most of the boys go through it as it is a testament to their tribe and because their tribe is highly based upon hunting and fighting.
To know more about the tribe you can read this blog written by a member of the Satere-Mawe tribe
You can also watch this video by National Geographic documenting this ceremony.
Residing in Brazil (the region surrounding the mid-Amazon River), an indigenous tribe called the Satere-Mawe have a harrowing ritual for its boys.
The Bullet Ant Initiation is the initiation into Adulthood. To be their tribe's warriors, they must endure bouts of excruciating pain and discomfort.
The bullet ants are caught and harvested from the anthills and put into a sedative mixture. The ants are unconscious long enough for the tribals to weave them into a sheet made of grass. These sheets are then put into gloves and as the angry ants start gaining consciousness, the thirteen-year-old boy is required to put both his hands into the oven mitts. He is then expected to suffer the wrath of the ants as they continuously sting him. To distract him from the pain, the tribals dance with him.
The ants are restricted from going above the arm as the hands are coated with charcoal. This confuses the ants and makes them stay in the allotted area.
The gloves are worn for five to ten minutes during which time the boy must not show weakness by crying. Due to the venom, the boy's hands are temporarily paralysed. He might experience extreme pain, uncontrollable vibrations, and hallucinations, which usually lasts for several days. This process is repeated twenty times over a period of months.
Though this ceremony has not been for centuries, or even decades, it is now marked in history. As you may know, Judaism has coming of age ceremonies called the Bar or Bat Mitzvah for boys and girls. But what of those who cannot conform to their biological age?
For our fellow transgender Jews, Rabbi Tsipi Gabai performs a ceremony for Tom Sosnik to commemorate his transition from a girl to a boy. Rabbi Gabai says that the ceremony was a mixture between a Bar Mitzvah and a Brit Milah (a circumcision ceremony).
“In Judaism, rituals are there to mark important transitions,” Gabai said about the service. “I wanted it to not only be a celebration, but helpful in marking a point for Tom and for his friends.”
Rabbi Gabai recited the she’asani b’tzalmo, a blessing that thanks God for making the worshipper in God's image. She told a story of the Ba'al Shem Tov, the founder of Hassidism who protects people from evil eye, she spoke about the Talmud and how everyone has three names: the one their parents give them, the one their friends give them and the most important one: the one they earn for themselves. Using the Hebrew phase that welcomes a baby boy at his brit milah, People welcomed Tom to his new life by saying "Baruch Habah" three times. Tom and his family recited the Shehechiyanu prayer, thanking God for allowing them to reach this moment, and the ceremony ended with everyone present chanting the Birkat Kohanim (priestly blessing) together.
Though this ceremony was a first of its kind, I believe that it should be continued and should become a custom for the well-deserving Transgender Jews as an affirmation of their real gender.
To know more about the Taluni Biya cermony click here
Tulonia Biya is an Assamese tradition that translated to 'Small Wedding'. This ceremony is celebrated at the onset of a girl's menarche and it signifies her coming of age and womanhood. The main motive of celebrating Tulonia Biya is to teach the girl about her sexual and reproductive cycle.
Once the girl gets her period, she is taken to her home, covered with a veil. She is kept in isolation for a number of days decided by the astrologer during which time she must not touch anybody, go anywhere, talk to any men not look at any celestial objects.
After her confinement period is over, she is then dressed in a saree and then married to a banana plant. This event is considered an actual wedding and friends and family come to rejoice at the commencement of puberty.
Done by
Kashish Mehta
AU190210
Representation of Gender and Sexuality in Literature
References
Assamese Toloni Biya, Tuloni Biya, Nua-tuloni-biya, Santi Biya. (n.d.). Assaminfo.com. Retrieved July 2, 2022, from http://www.assaminfo.com/culture/75/toloni-biya-or-tuloni-biya-or-nua-tuloni-biya-or-santi-biya.htm
Caleidoscope. (2017, March 6). Tuloni Biya: A moment to rejoice menstruation? Caleidoscope | Indian Culture, Heritage; Caleidoscope. https://www.caleidoscope.in/art-culture/tuloni-biya-moment-rejoice-menstruation
Himmelstein, D. (2015, March 25). Transgender teen comes out in emotional ceremony at Tehiyah –. J; J. The Jewish News of Northern California. https://jweekly.com/2015/03/25/transgender-teen-comes-out-in-emotional-ceremony-at-tehiyah/
Mallasasime, B. (2021, June 10). The painful rite of passage of the Satere-Mawe tribe of Brazil. History of Yesterday. https://historyofyesterday.com/the-culture-were-boys-must-endure-getting-stung-by-bullet-ants-1a2d966f31f9
Nuñez, C., & Pfeffer, L. (2016, July 21). 13 amazing coming of age traditions from around the world. Global Citizen. https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/13-amazing-coming-of-age-traditions-from-around-th/
Picone, K. (2013, August 17). The world’s coolest coming of age traditions. All That’s Interesting. https://allthatsinteresting.com/worlds-coolest-coming-of-age-traditions/2
Rubin, H., & The Forward. (2015, March 27). A “coming out” ceremony for a Jewish transgender teen - Jewish World. Haaretz. https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/2015-03-27/ty-article/a-coming-out-ceremony-for-a-jewish-transgender-teen/0000017f-db92-d3a5-af7f-fbbe62d00000