Whole Topic Checklist

• Describe what crude oil is and where it comes from, including the basic composition of crude oil and the general chemical formula for the alkanes
•  State the names of the first four members of the alkanes and recognise substances as alkanes from their formulae
•  Describe the process of fractional distillation, state the names and uses of fuels that are produced from crude oil by fractional distillation
•  Describe trends in the properties of hydrocarbons, including boiling point, viscosity and flammability and explain how their properties influence how they are used as fuels
•  Describe and write balanced chemical equations for the complete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels
•  Describe the process of cracking and state that the products of cracking include alkanes and alkenes and describe the test for alkenes
•  Balance chemical equations as examples of cracking when given the formulae of the reactants and products
•  Explain why cracking is useful and why modern life depends on the uses of hydrocarbons
•  Chem ONLY: State the names and draw structural formulae of the first four members of the alkenes and recognise substances as alkenes from their formulae
•  Chem ONLY: Describe the basic composition of alkenes, including the C=C functional group, the general chemical formula for the alkanes and describe what unsaturated means
•  Chem ONLY: Describe the combustion reactions of alkenes and the reactions of alkenes with hydrogen, water and the halogens
•  Chem ONLY:  Draw fully displayed structural formulae of the first four members of the alkenes and the products of their addition reactions with hydrogen, water, chlorine, bromine and iodine
•  Chem ONLY: State the functional group of alcohols and the first four members of the homologous series of alcohols and represent alcohols using formulae
•  Chem ONLY: Describe some properties and reactions of the first four members of alcohols, including dissolving in water, reacting with sodium, burning in air, oxidation and uses
•  Chem ONLY: State the functional group of carboxylic acids and the first four members of the homologous series of carboxylic acids and represent them using diagrams and formulae
•  Chem ONLY: Describe some properties and reactions of carboxylic acids, including dissolving in water, reacting with carbonates and reacting with alcohols
•  Chem ONLY: Describe how alkenes can be used to make polymers by addition polymerisation
•  Chem ONLY: Identify addition polymers and monomers from diagrams and from the presence of the functional group and draw diagrams to represent the formation of an addition polymers
•  Chem & HT ONLY: Describe the process of condensation polymerisation and explain the basic principles of condensation polymerisation
•  Chem & HT ONLY: State that amino acids have two different functional groups in a molecule and they react by condensation polymerisation to produce polypeptides
•  Chem & HT ONLY: Explain that different amino acids can be combined in a chain to produce proteins
•  Chem ONLY: Describe DNA as a large molecule of two polymer chains made from four different monomers called nucleotides in the form of a double helix
•  Chem ONLY: State and describe some other naturally occurring polymers such as proteins, starch and cellulose

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