Thermodynamics
Thermal Properties of Matter
Thermometry
To discuss various methods for measuring temperature.
To measure the temperature of a liquid using a thermocouple.
To demonstrate heat transfer via infrared radiation.
4A10.80 Infrared Thermal Camera
To show the infrared radiation emitted by different objects.
Liquid Expansion
Solid Expansion
To show the density of water depends on its temperature.
To demonstrate thermal expansion.
4A30.60 Expansion of a Heated Wire
To show the coefficient of thermal expansion for an iron wire.
To show that a rubber band contracts when heated.
Liquid Helium
To demonstrate the properties of superfluid helium, including the lambda transition (quiescence), the creep effect and the fountain effect.
Heat and the First Law
Heat Capacity and Specific Heat
Convection
To demonstrate heat capacity.
To calculate the ratio CP /CV.
To show convection currents.
To show convection cells.
Radiation
Heat Transfer Applications
To show that heat is a form of electromagnetic radiation.
4B50.10 Silvered & Unsilvered Dewars
To show that the silvering of a dewar keeps out heat.
To demonstrate the greenhouse effect.
Mechanical Equivalent of Heat
Adiabatic Processes
4B60.00 Mechanical Equivalent of Heat
To show mechanical work can be converted to heat by turning a hand crank repeatedly against friction.
To show mechanical work can be converted to heat by repeatedly inverting a tube of lead shot.
To show that no heat is lost in an adiabatic process.
Change of State
Phase Changes: Liquid-Solid
Critical Point
To show liquid water can be cooled to below freezing temperature without solidifying.
To show the critical point at which liquid and gas are indistinguishable.
Kinetic Theory
Brownian Motion
Mean Free Path
Kinetic Motion
To show the random walk of the molecules in a fluid.
To show absorption of energy from electromagnetic radiation.
4D20.21 Maxwell-Boltzmann Energy Distribution
To model the Maxwell-Boltzmann energy distribution of molecules in a gas.
4D30.10 Kinetic Theory of Gases
To show a mechanical model for the kinetic theory of gases.
Molecular Dimensions
4D30.20 Normal Modes of Coupled Gliders
To model an ideal gas with a collection of coupled oscillators.
To calculate Avogadro's number from the diameter of a single layer of oleic acid molecules spread on the surface of a tank of water.
Entropy and the Second Law
Entropy
Heat Cycles
To demonstrate a liquid which is mixed when stirred in one direction and unmixed when stirred in the opposite direction.
To demonstrate the heat cycle of a Stirling engine.
To show water can be separated into hydrogen and oxygen gas by applying a current.
To demonstrate operation of a fuel cell.
To demonstrate a heat engine driven by a shape-memory alloy.