Cardiovascular system

HEMOGLOBIN

The hemoglobin is the protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.

Risks of the increased levels of hemoglobin:

The increased levels of hemoglobin may be caused by dehydratation, smoking or living in great heights. This increasing of the red blood cells may occasionatte polycythemia, this disease makes our blood more dense than usual.

ERYTHROCYTES:

They are anucleate, biconcave cells, filled with hemoglobin, that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and tissues. They are produced in the red bone marrow by a process called erythropoiesis

LEUKOCYTES:

Monocytes: These have a much longer shelf life than most white blood cells, they also help break down any type of bacteria. Normally they are between 2% and 8% of the total of our white blood cells.

Lymphocytes: These types of white cells are based on creating antibodies with which to defend any type of bacteria, virus or invaders that are potentially dangerous. There are 3 different types, the B cells, the T cells and the Natural killer cells.

Granulocytes: These are white blood cells which have small protein granules, within these blood cells we have 3 different types. The neutrophils, the Basophils and the Eosinophils.

PLATELETS

Platelets are 20% of red blood cells, usually per body there are between 150.00 and 350.00 per liter of blood. Platelets are fragments of colorless cells in our blood that form clots that stop or prevent our bleeding that is there main function. Platelets are produced in our bone marrow. This is the spongy tissue inside all of our bones. This bone marrow contains stem cells that become different cells such as red cells, white cells and platelets

BLOOD COMPOSITION

It has four main components: plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Blood has many different functions, including: transporting oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and tissues.

Plasma: The main role of plasma is to take nutrients, hormones, and proteins to the parts of the body that need it. Cells also put their waste products into the plasma.

Platelets: are small, colorless cell fragments in our blood that form clots and stop or prevent bleeding.

Red blood cells: contain a protein called hemoglobin, which carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body.

White blood cells: they help protect against infections and also have a role in inflammation, and allergic reactions.

CARDIAC CYCLE

Cardiac cycle activity is divided into two phases diastole and systole.

Diastole represents the period of time when the ventricles are relaxed, there is not contrition .Throughout most of the period, blood is passively flowing from the left atrium and right atrium into the left ventricle and right ventricle.

Systole represents the time IN which the left and right ventricles contract and eject blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery. During the systole the aortic and pulmonic valves are open to permit the ejection into the aorta and pulmonary artery.

ANATOMY OF THE HEART

The human heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the body via the circulatory system, supplying oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing carbon dioxide and other wastes.

In the image we can see the anatomy of our heart

Page updated

Report abuse