SKIN
hugoalastruet@britanico-aragon.edu
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Skin: The body's outer covering, and largest organ which protects us against strong temperatures, light, injuries and infection.
Functions:
Protection of the body and immunity
Sensations: allows us to feel as we have around a million nerve fibers
Excretion: sweat
Body temperature: It regulates the body temperature as well as it stores water, fat, and vitamin D
Synthesis: Vitamin D
Sensory corpuscles: they are an unattached cell, which act as sensory receptors.
There are 4 main types:
The Meissner's: the sensory feeling of being touched in a light manner.
Pacinian: The sensory nerves for vibrations and deep pressure
Ruffini: To sense pressure & warmth/heat
Krause: To sense the cold
Muscles: Arrector pili muscles are bundles of smooth muscle fibers that attach to the connective tissue sheath of hair follicles.
function: When the muscles contract, they pull the hair follicle outward resulting in the hair erecting up while also compressing the sebaceous gland, resulting in the secretion of their contents. Hair is not perpendicularly, but instead lays at an angle. This erection of hair also produces goosebumps, the bumpy appearance of the skin.
Stratum corneum: The Outer Layer of Dead Skin. The stratum corneum contains dead skin cells that used to exist in the epidermis.
Epidermis: The epidermis continually makes new skin cells it also contains melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. The amount of melanin you have determines the color of your skin, hair and eyes. Acting as a protective barrier it has Langerhans cells witch are part of the body’s immune system. They help fight off germs and infections.
Sweat pore: The part of the sweat glands in which the sweat goes out of the body.
Nerve: A nerve transmits electrical impulses and is the basic unit of the peripheral nervous system.
Dermis: Contain nerve endings, oils and sweat glands and hair follicles. The dermis makes up 90% of skin’s thickness.
Hair follicle: It's made up of 20 different cell types, each with distinct functions.
Sweat gland: Are small tubular structures of the skin that produce sweat.
Sebaceous gland: Is an exocrine gland created to lubricate the hair and skin.
Blood vessels: provide nutrients to the skin and help regulate body temperature
Hypo-dermis: Made up of fat, connective tissue and larger blood cells
Adipocytes: Fat cells that form the hypo-dermis.
connective tissue: Tissue connecting layers of skin to muscles and bones
nerves and blood vessels: The nerves and blood vessels branch out to connect the hypodermis to the rest of the body.
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