Social Emotional Learning (SEL) is the process through which individuals learn essential life skills and competencies that promote a positive identity, a well-managed self, healthy relationships and agency to successfully navigate their future (BPS 2017). At BPS, we believe that strengthening adult and youth social and emotional skills and competencies enhance our abilities to connect and relate to others across race, class, culture, language, gender identity, sexual orientation, and learning needs.
At the school level SEL “a process whereby students and teachers build strong, respectful relationships founded on an appreciation of similarities and differences, learn to critically examine root causes of inequity, and develop collaborative solutions to community and social problems” (CASEL). Our district’s approach to SEL must be taken using anti-racist practices and the recommendations for SEL implementations cannot be divorced from our district’s commitment to racial equity. Additionally, the conditions needed for students to engage in Transformative SEL only exist when adults in the school feel empowered, supported, and valued. Adult SEL helps school staff strengthen their expertise and skills to lead SEL initiatives, as well as cultivate adults’ social, emotional and cultural competencies.
“The return to school this year will be unlike any other in our history and will be emotionally charged for students and adults. This moment calls on all members of our school communities to deepen our social and emotional competencies and create equitable learning environments where all students and adults process, heal, and thrive.” (CASEL)
At BPS, we believe that strengthening adult and youth social and emotional skills and competencies enhance our abilities to connect and relate to others across race, class, culture, language, gender identity, sexual orientation, and learning needs. The SEL Competencies anchor skill development in: Self-Awareness, Self-Management, Social Awareness, Relationship Skills and Decision Making. The BPS SEL competencies were updated in 2019 to reflect a Transformative SEL approach, an equity-based approach to deepen the social, emotional, and cultural competence of adults and students that is aligned with CLSP. SEL skills can be integrated into academic development in support of culturally responsive competence.
We will leverage Transformative SEL in reopening to build trust and safe, healthy, welcoming, joyful, anti-racist and culturally affirming learning environments. We will prioritize relationships and communities focused on well-being, connections and belonging. In this way, we will build a bridge from trauma to healing and enable classroom learning.
As students return to school this fall, BPS educators will exemplify an asset-based mindset and focus on the rich cultural knowledge and individual skills each student brings to the classroom, whether in person or online. Across all grade levels, schools will implement structures that are intentionally focused on building trusting relationships between students and adults. These structures might include an advisory group with a low teacher-to-student ratio for regular check-ins, check-in/check-out procedures, and individual or group student success plans with specific strategies identified to increase learning and social-emotional wellness.
School leaders and educators will be intentional about building school culture and creating a sense of community despite the online or blended environment within which students are learning. Schools will institute a weekly or daily ritual for the whole school, grade levels, or classrooms in order to build teamwork and support. Principals and teachers are encouraged to implement support structures that vary based on grade level and may include things such as practicing classroom routines, collaborating on classroom values, setting up classroom norms for communication, building individual relationships, and activities specifically focused on social emotional learning. Physical Education, Health Education and Arts education can build the rituals, routines, relationships and SEL competencies across the school, bringing safe, healthy, joyful, anti-racist, and culturally & linguistically affirming approaches to learning.
In order to build a learning environment that supports student SEL and well-being, schools are called on to foster a supportive staff environment that promotes adult SEL and well-being. Each member of the BPS staff community has experienced some level of trauma from the past few months, including a destabilizing of our work relationships and our professions. Adults need to have opportunities to reflect on their own social, emotional, and cultural competencies, practice self-care, and collaborate with colleagues in order to model SEL and support our students and families in doing the same. (See Start with Adult SEL)
Situated within the contexts of classrooms, schools, and communities, may feel familiar to many educators, but take on deeper significance as we navigate a very different type of schooling. “CASEL, SEL Roadmap 2020, pg.5
In the figure below are the SEL competencies along with some skills needed to support school communities to process the pandemic and racial injustices.
We must create stepping stones to cultivate trust through communication, connecting and building relationships that will create learning environments where all staff and students can thrive.
Clear, transparent, repeated communication
Establish opportunities for two-way communication for staff at every level in the school in order to re-establish and build trust and community so that all staff feel confident and competent to start the school year
Create clear lines of communication among school leaders, teachers and staff, and students and families about protocols and new practices
Repeat and reenforce communications through multiple communication modes (e.g. meetings, newsletter, websites, videos, etc.) and at multiple time points; both adults and children need multiple access points in order to remember, understand, and apply new information
Establish clear and intentional expectations and classroom routines; post the schedule for the day and stick with it.
Assessing the social emotional needs of students
Use individual transition meetings at the start of school so teachers can listen to the needs of their new students.
Get quick, direct information on the social and emotional needs of each student from at least three sources: the classroom teachers from the prior year, the caregiver who has been with the student during the six-month gap in schooling, and the student themselves.
Other teachers or support providers who might deeply know the student (like an EL or a special education resource teacher) can also add their insights.
If individual meetings are not possible, consider a modified caretaker and student intake form that asks specifically about emotional needs as school begins.
Multi-tiered Systems of Support
Use what is learned in individual transition meetings to consider which students need the most intensive support to successfully transition back into school.
Clearly communicate to all teachers the supports and services available to support students and families in need of both social emotion and physiological and safety needs (e.g. food, clothing, shelter, healthcare, etc.) so that teachers can feel confident connecting students to the systems of support.
Be aware that Black and Latinx communities are suffering disproportionately more cases and deaths due to the COVID-19 virus (a compounding effect of the systemic effects of racism playing out in housing, healthcare, education, and workforce discrimination); services and supports should be implemented with cultural humility and CLSP.
Planning for change
Discuss your school closure plan in the event that schools must close again due to a second wave of infections. Have a district, school, and classroom plan in place and discuss with students what it will look like if schools should close again. This way, students are prepared and will know what they need to pack up at the end of a day if a sudden order comes down for districts to close again. Preparing students and teachers in advance will ease the transition to at-home learning should the need arise again. (You can read more about this in Planning for Potential Instructional Delivery Scenarios)
General anxiety from resulting from physical distancing
Understand and acknowledge the variability in how students have been and are experiencing physical distancing based on individual, family, and community variables; families may have different expectation for adherence to public health protocols and recommendations
Communicate a common, shared explanation for the importance of continued physical distancing, mask-wearing, and other expectations while in-person learning is taking place
Create developmentally-appropriate, translated communications of the what, why, and how of safety protocols
Explore opportunities for students to co-create strategies with adults for their school or community to prevent the spread of disease.
Prepare for a period of transition as staff and students reacclimate to entering a space with a large number of people; There may be developmental differences in the impact of this on students
Disconnection as a result of the social separation from peers
Recognize older children and adolescents who developmentally rely more heavily on peer relationships during stressful times may return to school feeling more disconnected or isolated from peers and potentially depressed
Be aware that isolating at home with only close family may lead to increased tensions with family for pre-teens and adolescents, especially students vulnerable to gender-based, transphobic, or homophobic abuse
Provide opportunities for social connection and community-building in formal classroom settings and less formal settings (e.g. recess, GSA clubs, student affinity groups, etc.)
Communicate to all staff the supports and services available to and protocols for identifying students struggling with conflict at home, persistent sadness, or suicidality (see Multi-tiered Systems of Support)
Heightened concerns about and increased experiences of racism and xenophobia
Use developmentally-appropriate conversations and lessons to discuss the impact, history, and context around biased or stigmatizing comments and behaviors related to the pandemic; See examples of how to have conversations about racism, stereotyping, and bias related to the virus
Promote empathy for one another and those most impacted by the crises
Support teachers in engaging students in developmentally-appropriate conversations and lessons to discuss the news around COVID-19, Black Lives Matter protests, and the social, economic, and political impact of the crises.
Be aware that Black and Latinx communities are suffering disproportionately more cases and deaths due to the COVID-19 virus (a compounding effect of the systemic effects of racism playing out in housing, healthcare, education, and workforce discrimination); services and supports should be implemented with cultural humility and CLSP
Anticipatory grief and anxiety about the safety of caregivers who are essential workers
Recognize that students may have caregivers or family members--or may have themselves been--working on the front lines as essential employees
Communicate to all staff the supports and services available to and protocols for identifying students struggling with emotional trauma and stress related to their and their family’s exposure to the COVID-19 virus (see Multi-tiered Systems of Support)
District Resource: www.bostonpublicschools.org/coronavirus or BPS helpline at 617-635-8873, Monday - Friday, 9 - 5 pm.
Loss of family and community members
Be prepared to support students that may be in various stages of grief and will have had different levels of support in processing the losses in their communities.
Communicate to all staff the supports and services available to and protocols for identifying students struggling with grief and loss (see Multi-tiered Systems of Support)
In order to build a learning environment that supports student SEL and well-being, schools are called on to foster a supportive staff environment that promotes adult SEL and well-being. Each member of the BPS staff community has experienced some level of trauma from the past few months, including a destabilizing of our work relationships and our professions. Adults need to have opportunities to reflect on their own social, emotional, and cultural competencies, practice self-care, and collaborate with colleagues in order to support our students and families in doing the same. This will impact personal and systemic shifts needed to elevate student identity, agency, and a sense of belonging. Schools can support this through:
Learning: Provide professional learning opportunities for staff to reflect on their own social, emotional, and cultural competencies, practice self-care, and collaborate with colleagues
Collaboration: Incorporate SEL into team meetings, create shared agreements, establish a system for adult check-in’s and leadership practices
Modeling: Staff model SEL for students through collegial interactions and staff appreciations and implementing strategies for classroom relationship building and family community building
SEL Roadmap for Reopening School - CASEL Practice 2.1 (see pages 19-20, focuses on connection and healing among adults)
BPS Adult SEL Competencies (Update underway: Available 9.2020)
Threading SEL across the learning day shifts our emphasis from SEL student curriculum to specific SEL practices that shape the learning environment where adults and students cultivate trust. All aspects of the day are inclusive of the BPS Transformative SEL Competencies.
Establish a safe, healthy, welcoming, joyful, anti-racist, and culturally & linguistically affirming school and classroom learning environment. As students return to school this fall, BPS educators will exemplify an asset-based mindset and focus on the rich cultural knowledge and individual skills each student brings to the classroom, whether in person or online. Across all grade levels, schools will implement structures that are intentionally focused on building trusting relationships between students and adults. These structures might include an advisory group with a low teacher-to-student ratio for regular check-ins, check-in/check-out procedures, and individual or group student success plans with specific strategies identified to increase learning and social-emotional wellness.
School leaders and educators will be intentional about building school culture and creating a sense of community despite the online or blended environment within which students are learning. Schools will institute a weekly or daily ritual for the whole school, grade levels, or classrooms in order to build teamwork and support. Principals and teachers are encouraged to implement support structures that vary based on grade level and may include things such as practicing classroom routines, collaborating on classroom values, setting up classroom norms for communication, building individual relationships, and activities specifically focused on social emotional learning. Physical Education, Health Education and Arts education can build the rituals, routines, relationships and SEL competencies across the school, bringing safe, healthy, welcoming joyful, anti-racist, and culturally & linguistically affirming approaches to learning. See below for strategies and resources.
Creating more time for reacclimating, relationship development, and community building.
Expect longer timelines to get students reacclimated to the rhythms of the school day and the expectations of being a student, considering the challenges of your most vulnerable students.
Give students time and space to get to know each other and get acclimated to their school community; make space in the schedule for informal social time for students.
Acknowledge that the sudden and abrupt way that schools closed may make restarting school more challenging than usual, especially for younger children.
Find ways to help students experience some of the closure events that they missed from the spring to help them successfully transition into a new school year.
Hold transition events during the first week of school or prior to the start of school.
Provide time for them to reflect on the past school year with their former teachers and classmates.
For adults: Provide opportunities within staff or team meeting for people to share and process their emotions, as well as structures throughout the day that allow them to take individual time to reflect and gather their thoughts
Healing Circles (virtual)
For students: Provide opportunities during classroom time to share and process their emotions, as well as structures that allow students to take individual time to reflect and gather their thoughts.
Having a Secure Base
Lower elementary: Choosing a “feeling face.”
Upper elementary: Choosing and explaining a word that captures their current mood.
Middle school: Exploring complex emotions, including how they might feel two seemingly different emotions at one time.
High school: Assessing how complex emotions influence one’s behaviors.
Build community in your school using proven approaches like restorative justice or community circles.
Routines and rituals are critical to all learning environments and especially important during this uncertain and stressful time. They help to create a sense of normalcy for students and adults. Building positive and consistent routines and rituals are also a part of a SEL and trauma or healing informed practices. Consistent routines and rituals will also help students and teachers to interact safely during the pandemic. Schools and teachers should spend time preparing routines before the start of the school year and plan for the various models of learning (remote, hybrid, in-person). These routines should be practiced and consistently followed throughout the first 4-6 weeks of school. Below are considerations for routines for both in-person or remote learning.
Classroom Rituals: Create opportunities for students to feel connectedness and belonging whether in remotely through an established community, or in person. Revisit the importance of community, tap into or re-establish unconscious expectations, beliefs, values and assumptions shared by students and staff.
Establish Health Protocols: Provide opportunities for feedback about spacing and health regulations for in person schools. Use visually diagrams and spacing strategies to maintain physical distancing.
Welcoming Routines & Rituals
(Activities for Inclusion)
Engaging Pedagogy
(Sense Making, Transitions, Brain Breaks)
Optimistic Closure
(Reflections and Looking Forward)
Student Healthy Routines: Educators provide students with examples of healthy routines that are anchored in social emotional and physical well-being (mind, heart and body). Students participate in learning activities fostering their SEL competencies and skills as they strengthen their awareness of their personal stories grounded in their identity and social emotional well-being.
Set Up & Review Routines: Students are able to identify healthy choices to add to their routine: Tool for planning procedures for supportive classroom environments
Entering and exiting the classroom
Hand Washing or sanitizing practices
Zoning for physical distaning: how to get to your zone and exit your zone
Safety protocols around interacting with others and equipment
Mask wearing
Creating class norms
Greetings and welcoming practices with appropriate physical distancing
Engagement practices, rituals and fun
Optimistic closings, previews, reviews and next steps
Start and stop signals
Celebrations, shout outs and recognitions
Opportunities for student voice and choice
Assessment routines
Connections and interactions
Creating a safe space for at home
Greetings and welcoming practices
Engagement practices, rituals and fun
Optimistic closings, previews, reviews and next steps
Establish Zoom or google hangouts norms
Celebrations, shout outs and recognitions
Opportunities for student voice and choice
Assessment routines
Use of equipment and alternatives at home
Connections and interactions
Student Led Guidelines for Materials and Space
Develop & Teach Organizational and Procedural Routines
Host a listening tour for families and students to better understand ways to engage students in the environment and learning.
Establish & Maintain a positive, joyful climate and culture
Educators create lesson plans that include lesson extension activities that may be completed individually or with families.
Educators understand the needs of their students, are able to access data and support and meet with their school teams to determine which supports would support the learning and development of the student.
Families and students have access to support from engagement specialists, counselors and/or mental health professionals.
Aligning SEL and academic content objectives into the curriculum in reading, writing, social studies, mathematics, health, the arts, and the other content areas builds and reinforces students' experience of key SEL skills such as empathy, conflict resolution, and appreciating diversity.
Create and model a positive and joyful classroom culture with transparency, consistency and high expectations. Identify activities and strategies that center on building rapport with students. Engage in activities that create frequent opportunities to elevate student voice and discourse.
Select activities that foster empathy and help practice listening and communication skills, provide cues and signals for asking questions and help equip individuals to increase and strengthen trust over time. Example: Restorative Practices
Apply techniques such as asking open-ended questions and reflective statements in order to establish supportive relationships with students and to create a safe environment for discussion.
Aligning SEL and academic content objectives into the curriculum in reading, writing, social studies, mathematics, health, the arts, and the other content areas builds and reinforces students' experience of key SEL skills such as empathy, conflict resolution, and appreciating diversity.
Create and model a positive and joyful classroom culture with transparency, consistency and high expectations. Identify activities and strategies that center on building rapport with students. Engage in activities that create frequent opportunities to elevate student voice and discourse.
Select activities that foster empathy and help practice listening and communication skills, provide cues and signals for asking questions and help equip individuals to increase and strengthen trust over time. Example: Restorative Practices
Apply techniques such as asking open-ended questions and reflective statements in order to establish supportive relationships with students and to create a safe environment for discussion.
Common SEL language is used both in and out-of-school with partner programs (e.g. shared sentence stems to support problem-solving skills; shared language for expressing feelings; shared definitions for “positive leader”)
Teachers make connections to what is being implemented in OST programs.
A SEL practice (e.g. calm breathing, mindfulness) is implemented in and out-of-school