The FAFSA is the primary application used to determine a student’s eligibility for federal financial aid, including grants, loans, and work-study programs. It is also used by California to assess eligibility for state-based aid, such as Cal Grants and the Middle Class Scholarship. The application opens on October 1 each year, and students are encouraged to apply as early as possible. The priority deadline for California aid is March 2  (2025) but some aid is available on a rolling basis. Completing the FAFSA is essential for maximizing financial aid opportunities.

The CADAA allows undocumented, DACA, and other non-citizen students to apply for state financial aid in California. It provides access to programs like Cal Grants, the Middle Class Scholarship, and the California College Promise Grant. Similar to the FAFSA, the application opens on October 1 and has a March 2 (2025) priority deadline. CADAA applicants do not qualify for federal aid, but they may receive significant state and institutional assistance. Completing the application is crucial for undocumented students seeking financial support for college.

The Cal Grant is a state-funded financial aid program that provides tuition assistance to students attending UC, CSU, community colleges, and eligible private institutions in California. To qualify, students must submit the FAFSA or CADAA by March 2 (2025) and meet financial, academic, and residency requirements. There are different types of Cal Grants: Cal Grant A covers tuition at UC and CSU schools, Cal Grant B provides funds for living expenses and tuition for low-income students, and Cal Grant C supports students in career or technical programs. Cal Grants do not have to be repaid, making them an excellent resource for eligible students.

Most commonly known as the Promise Program , the CCPG waives enrollment fees for eligible California community college students, making it easier for low-income students to afford higher education. Unlike other financial aid programs, CCPG does not provide direct cash aid, but it significantly reduces the cost of attending community college. Eligibility is based on income, receipt of other government benefits, or demonstrated financial need on the FAFSA or CADAA. Students can apply at any time during the academic year, but applying early ensures they receive the benefit before paying fees. The CCPG also provides additional benefits, such as priority registration at some colleges.

The Middle Class Scholarship helps middle-income students (families with incomes up to ~$217,000) attending UC and CSU schools by reducing tuition costs. Unlike Cal Grants, which are based on financial need, MCS assists students who do not qualify for full federal or state grants but still need help paying for college. The amount awarded depends on the student's income and other aid received. Awards may cover up to 40% of tuition costs and do not require repayment. Students must submit the FAFSA or CADAA by March 2 (2025) to be considered.

The Chafee Grant provides up to $5,000 per year in financial aid to current or former foster youth who want to attend college or career training. It is available to students who were in foster care at any time between ages 16 and 18 and are under 26 years old. The grant can be used at California colleges, universities, and some out-of-state schools. Unlike loans, the Chafee Grant does not need to be repaid. Students must complete both the FAFSA or CADAA and the Chafee Grant Application to qualify.

This is one of the largest scholarship search engines that help students find national and local scholarships. Students create a profile, including details about their background, academic achievements, and career interests, and the platforms match them with relevant scholarships. Many scholarships do not require financial need and are based on merit, leadership, hobbies, or personal experiences. Using these platforms can significantly increase a student’s chances of securing extra funding for college. Regularly checking for new opportunities and applying to multiple scholarships increases the likelihood of receiving aid.

The Federal Work-Study program provides part-time job opportunities for students with financial need, allowing them to earn money to cover educational expenses. Jobs may be on-campus or with approved off-campus employers, including community service positions. Work-study earnings do not count against a student’s FAFSA-calculated financial need, making it a great option for students trying to reduce loan debt. Funding is limited, so it is best to apply early and check with the school’s financial aid office for available positions. Students must indicate interest in work-study when completing the FAFSA.

The California DREAM Loan is a state-funded, low-interest loan program designed for undocumented students who attend UC or CSU schools. It provides an alternative to federal student loans, which undocumented students do not qualify for. The loan has low interest rates and flexible repayment terms, making it a safer borrowing option. DREAM Loans are limited and are awarded based on financial need. Students must complete the CADAA and check with their university’s financial aid office to apply.

Some colleges and universities offer Income Share Agreements (ISAs) as an alternative to traditional student loans. Instead of paying tuition upfront, students agree to pay a percentage of their future earnings for a set number of years after graduation. Payments are based on income, meaning students won’t have to pay if they earn below a certain threshold. ISAs can be a good option for students in high-demand fields, but it’s essential to review the terms carefully before signing. Not all schools offer ISAs, so students should check with their financial aid office.

Private student loans are loans offered by banks, credit unions, and private lenders to help students pay for college when federal aid is not enough. Unlike federal loans, private loans often have higher interest rates, which can vary based on credit history and lender policies, making them more expensive over time. They also lack borrower protections, such as income-driven repayment plans, deferment, or loan forgiveness programs that federal loans offer. Additionally, private loans may require a cosigner, putting financial responsibility on a parent or guardian if the student cannot repay the loan. Because of these factors, private loans should typically be considered a last resort, only after exploring scholarships, grants, work-study, and federal student loan options.