West Pond Wetland

West Pond is a rectangular wetland established by USGA in 1997 on Twitchell Island. It is the oldest restored wetland in the Delta.

https://fluxnet.org/sites/siteinfo/US-Tw1

We installed a set of flux sensors at the site in 2012 and kept measurements going until 2023. Over time willows ringing the wetland intruded onto the flux sensors.

Over the years the site built up large amounts of dead biomass. This kept the water cooler than more open systems and delayed the phenology of the vegetation, compared to more open sites. This has a strong effect on annual evaporation and net carbon exchange:

Eichelmann, E., et al. (2018). "The effect of land cover type and structure on evapotranspiration from agricultural and wetland sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, California." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 256: 179–195.