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Definition
Definition
Summarizing facilitates learning by providing opportunities for students to capture, organize, and reflect on important facts, concepts, ideas, and processes they will need to access at a later time. It usually is paired with note-taking.
Summarizing teaches students how to discern the most important ideas in a text, how to ignore irrelevant information, and how to integrate the central ideas in a meaningful way. This increases comprehension.
Types
Types
- Rule-based summary
- Reciprocal teaching
- Summary Frames
- Narrative Frames
- Topic-Restriction-Illustration Frame
- Definition Frame
- Argumentation Frame
- Problem-Solution Frame
- Conversation Frame
When to Use
When to Use
When you want students to demonstrate understanding of the important ideas and concepts from lectures, videos, and passages in a synthesized way.
Benefits:
Benefits:
- Allows students to condense material into a manageable chunk of information.
- Reinforces the learning and allows teachers to check for students understanding
Steps
Steps
- Rule-based summary - Start with a passage to model a think aloud and then have the students work with a partner on a new passage to create a rule-based summary.
- Take out material that is not important to understanding
- Take out words that repeat information.
- Replace a list of things with one word that describes them.
- Find a topic sentence or create one if it is missing."
- Summary Frames- include a set of questions to help frame the summary
- Reciprocal Teaching - This allows students to be placed in a group of four and each student is given a role: summarizer, questioner, clarifier, and predictor. A student could play all four roles as well.
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