Some Good Things to Know for your SCIENCE FINAL
Unit A: BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
· Identify the role of variation in species survival, especially when there are significant changes in the environment.
· Define biodiversity
· Structural vs. behavioral adaptations
· Describe how competition relates to niche.
· Genralists vs. Specialists, or Broad Niche vs. Narrow Niche
· Heritable vs. non-heritable traits.
· Describe the advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.
· What is a zygote?
· Dominant vs. recessive traits
· Artificial selection vs. natural selection. What are the advantages of each?
· Understand the relationship between chromosomes, genes, alleles, and DNA, as well as the difference between meiosis and mitosis.
· Discuss one of the following issues as it relates to conservation: genetic engineering, cloning, in-situ conservation, ex-situ conservation.
Unit B: MATTER AND CHEMICAL CHANGE
· Interpret and write the chemical formulas for ionic and molecular compounds.
· Chemical changes vs. Physical changes
· Classification of matter charts pg. 96-97
· Describe the 5 atomic models
· Where are the electrons, protons, and neutrons in an atom? Which of these subatomic particles is the heaviest?
· Compare (similarities and differences) ionic and molecular compounds (describe their properties and list some common examples)
· Naming ionic and molecular compounds.
· Identify conditions that affect the rate of reactions (heat, concentration, surface area, etc.)
· Use the periodic table to identify the number of protons, electrons, and other information about each atom.
Unit C: ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
· Discuss chemical factors that may affect an aquatic environment (acidity, dissolved oxygen, heavy metals, plant nutrients, etc.)
· Understand how the levels and concentrations of chemicals may change over time.
· Describe the role of the organic nutrients: carbohydrates, lids, proteins, and vitamins
· Differentiate between macrominerals and trace elements
· What are the 3 types of pesticides? What is bioaccumlulation?
· Differentiate between acids and bases.
· Define enzyme, catalyst, and substrate
· What is LD50?
· Acute vs. Chronic toxicity, persistent vs. non-persistent
· Point source vs. non-point source
· Biological indicators
Unit D: ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGIES
· Identify different types of energy, and energy conversions
· What is static electricity?
· Parallel vs. series circuits
· Factors that affect resistance
· Describe how an electrochemical cell is created.
· Describe connection between electricity and magnetism
· Design and trouble-shoot circuit designs
· Identify the energy output and efficiency of different electrical devices
· Identify the pros and cons of at least 2 alternative energy sources
· Ohm’s Law
Unit E: SPACE EXPLORATION
· Identify the challenges and risks of space exploration.
· Azimuth-altitude coordinate system
· Geocentric vs. heliocentric solar system models
· How does spectroscopy work?
· Doppler Effect, Red shifted vs. blue shifted, what does this tell us about the motion of stars?
· Astronomical units vs. light years
· Low earth vs. geosynchronus orbits
· Describe the benefits and advantages of the Hubble Space Telescope or a radio telescope over other types of telescopes
· Memorize all planets in our solar system. Terrestrial planets vs. gas giants
· Explain the process of triangulation
Study hard, embrace your inner scientist, and get lots of sleep in the next few days!