Learning Objectives
Chapter 17
Vocabulary:
calorimeter calorimetry chemical potential energy endothermic process exothermic process enthalpy heat heat capacity heat of reaction specific heat surroundings system
thermochemical equation thermochemistry
Explain how energy, heat, and temperature are related.
Identify the units used to measure heat transfer and convert between them (calories, Calories, Joules, and kilojoules). Understand the amount of energy associated with each.
Describe the direction of heat flow and the mechanism for it, such as in a calorimeter.
Describe the difference between a system and its surroundings. Be able to identify each and the direction in which energy flows during endothermic and exothermic changes.
Explain the difference between heat capacity and specific heat.
Define the law of conservation of energy. Describe how it applies to systems and to surroundings.
Solve for enthalpy (heat) changes in chemical reactions by using heats of reaction.
Calculate the amount of energy using q=mcΔT.
Classify and solve problems related to the enthalpy change that occurs during phase changes.
Understand heating/cooling curves for water and the physical changes occurring in each portion.
Classify phase changes as endothermic or exothermic.
Draw a potential energy diagram for endothermic and exothermic reactions, including the potential energy of the reactants and products, the change in chemical potential energy, and activation energy.
Explain how endothermic and exothermic reactions are related to the change in energy (ΔH) and how the energy is expressed in thermochemical equations.