CHAPTER 4 – The Empire in Transition

1. LOOSENING TIES

a. A Tradition of Neglect

b. The Colonies Divided

2. THE STRUGGLE FOR THE CONTINENT

a. New France and the Iroquois Nation

b. Anglo-French Conflicts

c. The Great War for the Empire

3. THE NEW IMPERIALISM

a. Burdens of Empire

b. The British and the Tribes

c. The Colonial Response

4. STIRRINGS OF REVOLT

a. The Stamp Act Crisis

b. Internal Rebellions

c. The Townshend Program

d. The Boston Massacre

e. The Philosophy of Revolt

f. The Tea Excitement

5. COOPERATION AND WAR

a. New Sources of Authority

b. Lexington and Concord

Learning Objectives

• Describe the influence of the Seven Years’ War on British attitudes and policies toward the North American colonies.
• Identify the Native American groups who fought in the French and Indian War, and describe the effect of the war’s outcome on these groups and on groups that did not participate in the war.
• Describe the change in British attitudes that occurred between the Seven Years’ War and the start of the American Revolution.
• Identify the philosophical underpinnings of the colonial revolt against Britain.
• Explain the importance of the slogan “no taxation without representation” as a rallying cry for the colonists.

Essential Terms

The Following terms appear in the College Board's AP US History Curriculum Framework and, thus, may be used in questions on the AP exam. Students should become familiar with these terms and be able to define them in the context of how the American colonists begin to develop a distinct American political, economic, cultural, and religious identity.

• French-Indian fur trade
• Protestant evangelical religious fervor
• English debt
• Chosen people blessed with liberty
• Seven Years' War
• Enlightenment philosophers
• Independence movement
• Individual talent vs hereditary privilege
• Colonial elites
• Republican self-government
• Grassroots movement
• Natural rights
• Artisans
• Thomas Paine
• Rights of British subjects
• Common Sense
• Rights of the individual
• Declaration of Independence
• Ideas of the Enlightenment
• Loyalist opposition
• Patriot cause
• Support from European allies

FOCAL TERMS - The following terms are helpful in addressing the Key Concepts and Themes of the course.

• Albany Plan
• Benjamin Franklin
• Boston Massacre
• Boston Tea Party
• Charles Townshend
• Coercive Acts
• Committees of Correspondence
• Creoles
• Currency Act
• Daughters of Liberty
• First Continental Congress
• George Grenville
• Impressment
• Iroquois Confederation
• Pontiac's Rebellion
• Intolerable Acts
• Metacomet
• Lord North
• Mutiny Act
• Patrick Henry
• Proclamation of 1763
• Quebec Act
• Samuel Adams
• Sons of Liberty
• Stamp Act
• Stamp Act Congress
• Sugar Act
• Tea Act
• Townshend Duties
• Virginia Resolves
• William Pitt
• John Locke
• March of the Paxton Boys
• Regulators

Drums Along the Mohawk (1939)

The Last of the Mohicans (1992)

The Madness of King George (1994)