Introduction
A cathedral city with 2000 years of history
Founded by the Romans in 71AD
Many historic buildings and structures, e.g. York Minster, castles, and ancient city walls
Voted to be the best place to live in the UK by the Sunday Times in 2019
Capital and largest city of England and the UK
originally called Londinium, which was founded by the Romans
One of the most important global cities and largest financial centres in the world
Situated in the northeast of the country
Located halfway between London and Edinburgh
At the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss
Four main "bars" surrounding the city walls, including Bootham Bar, Monk Bar, Walmgate Bar, and Micklegate Bar
stands on the River Thames in the southeast of England
The City of London is the main financial district
Canary Wharf has recently developed into a new financial and commercial hub to the east
The West End is London's main entertainment and shopping district, attracting tourists
The East End is the area known for its high immigrant population and being one of the poorest areas in London
Living cost
The cost of living in York is lower than that in London
Around £4,702 is needed in London to maintain the same lifestyle you can achieve with £3,200 in York
Consumer Prices in London: 17.57% higher than in York
Restaurant Prices in London: 15.1% higher than in York
Groceries Prices in London: 4.16% higher than in York
Rent Prices in London: 130.52% higher than in York
Local Purchasing Power in London: 17.83% higher than in York
The cost of living index in London is 87.58 comparing to 74.49 in York, while Hong Kong's is 78.67, falling in between the two cities.
Property prices
The average monthly rent in city centre in York:
a 1-bed property: £831
a 3-bed property: £1250
The average property price in York:
£4250 per square metre in the city centre
£2950 per square metre outside the city
The average monthly rent in city centre in London:
a 1-bed property: £1704
a 3-bed property: £3321
The average property price in London:
£10,911 per square meter in city centre
£5577 per square metre outside the city
West London includes expensive residential areas where properties can sell for tens of millions of pounds
The property price in London is far more expensive than that in York, no matter you rent or purchase a property.
Crime rate
The crime rate in York is low
Safe to walk alone during both daytime and nighttime in York
Unlikely for people to be robbed or attacked, or things to be stolen
Crime rates vary widely across different areas of London
Safest areas: Richmond, Bexley
Most dangerous areas: Westminster, Camden
Safe to walk alone during daytime for most part of the city, but not so much at night
have a much higher crime rate than York in general
The crime rate in London showing an increasing trend for the past few years
Pollution
Currently meets the national air quality objectives for PM10
Continues to deliver on walking, cycling, and public transport improvements, maintaining its national reputation as a leader in sustainable transport
Delivered a fully electric Park & Ride (P&R) site and introduced electric buses
Retrofitted the world’s first fleet of electric double-decker sightseeing buses
regularly found to have some of the highest air pollution levels in the country
frequently found to break both UK legal and WHO limits for nitrogen dioxide and PM2.5, generated from urban transport and heating systems
The estimation is that PM2.5 pollution contributes towards 3,500 premature deaths in London annually, while NO2 contributes towards 5,900 premature deaths, making a total health burden of 9,400 premature deaths per year.
Transportation
The most popular type of transportation in York is car, followed by bike and bus
One of the most bike-friendly cities in the UK
Many attractions in York are within just a few minutes walk of each other
The local bus company First runs buses all over York, as well as express services to Whitby, Scarborough, Ripon, and Pickering.
Leeds-Bradford International Airport is the closest airport to York. To get to York, you will have to travel to Leeds city centre by bus or taxi, followed by a direct train from Leeds to York
A direct train from London Kings Cross to York railway station takes around 2 hours
The London Underground is the oldest and the third longest metro system in the world
Centre of the National Rail network
King's Cross station and Euston station, which are both in London, are the starting points of the East Coast Main Line and the West Coast Main Line—the two main raiway lines in Britain—respectively.
London's bus network runs 24 hours a day
Victoria Coach Station has weekly passenger numbers of over 200,000 and provides services across the UK and to Europe
London has a modern tram network, known as Tramlink, centred on Croydon in South London
Notorious for its traffic congestion, especially the city centre
A major international air transport hub with the busiest city airspace in the world
Food
Yorkshire pudding: one of the most renowned dishes in Yorkshire. It is a baked pudding made from a mixture of eggs, flour, and milk or water. It can be a great accompaniment to a roast dinner or a starter filled with jam and cream.
Fat Rascal: traditional Yorkshire cakes consisting of shortcrust pastry leftovers, mixed dried fruit, butter, and sugar
Parkin (or perkin): a sticky cake originating from Northern England, although it is mostly associated with Yorkshire. It consists of flour, oatmeal, black treacle, and either lard or butter.
London bun: a square-shaped bun made of rich yeast dough flavored with currants and topped with white sugar icing. Formerly a popular tea time bun it is now somewhat neglected.
Chelsea bun: a type of currant bun made of a rich yeast dough flavoured with lemon peel, cinnamon or mixed spice.
Fish and chips: argued to be originated in London
Earl Grey tea: thought to have been created for Charles Grey, prime minister in the 1830s. Two London tea shops, Jacksons of Piccadilly and Twinings, both claim to have been the first to produce it.
Population
The population of York in 2011 was 198,051 with 83,552 households
York had a higher proportion of 20-24-year-olds than both the region and nation (10% compared with 7.2% and 6.8%)
York's 85-and-over age group grew more than the regional or national average between 2001 and 2011 (38% compared with 20% and 23%)
90.8% of York's population were born within the UK
Municipal population: about 9 million (2018)
The most populous city in the UK (around 13.4% of the UK population)
36.7% of London's population are foreign-born making it the city with the second largest immigrant population worldwide
Diverse range of people and cultures
More than 300 languages are spoken in the region
Entertainment
Yorkshire Museum and Gardens: explore York's medieval history through interactive activities for all ages
JORVIK Viking Centre: travel back in time at JORVIK to see how the city looked in 975AD
York's Chocolate Story: discover surprising secrets and fascinating facts behind York's greatest chocolate products, including Chocolate Orange and Kit Kat through an entertaining guided tour
The National Railway Museum: the collection of nearly 300 historic trains and over 1,000,000 items from history
Howardian Hills and the North York Moors are right on your doorsteps.
Shambles Market: with more than 70 stalls, the market is a one-stop-shop for all your shopping needs including quality gifts, fresh flowers, retro vinyl, crafts, handbags, and vintage clothing
London has numerous museums, galleries, libraries and sporting events. These include the British Museum, National Gallery, Natural History Museum, Tate Modern, British Library and West End theatres.
The British Library is the second largest library in the world, and the national library of the United Kingdom
London has numerous venues for rock and pop concerts, including the world's busiest indoor venue, The O2 Arena and Wembley Arena
The largest parks in the central area of London are three of the eight Royal Parks, namely Hyde Park and its neighbour Kensington Gardens in the west, and Regent's Park to the north.
Hyde Park in particular is popular for sports and sometimes hosts open-air concerts. Regent's Park contains London Zoo, the world's oldest scientific zoo, and is near Madame Tussauds Wax Museum.
Walking is a popular recreational activity in London. Areas that provide for walks include Wimbledon Common, Epping Forest, Hampton Court Park, Hampstead Heath, the eight Royal Parks, canals and disused railway tracks.
workers in London are the least stressed of all the regions in the UK because of a variety of social activities available in the capital city
References
Air quality in London. (2021, May 6). IQAir. Retrieved May 6, 2020, from https://www.iqair.com/us/uk/england/london
Briggs, S., Reid M., & Cedric F. (n.d.). York: A beginners' guide. VisitBritain. https://www.visitbritainshop.com/world/articles/york-guide/#travel
City of York Council. (2011). Headline figures for York Census 2011. https://www.york.gov.uk/census
City of York Council. (2020). 2020 Air Quality Annual Status Report. http://jorair.co.uk/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/ASR2020.pdf
Cost of living. (n.d.). Numbeo. Retrieved May 6, 2020, from https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/
Hyslop, L. (2020, November 6). 10 foods you never knew were invented in London. Londonist. https://londonist.com/london/features/10-foods-you-never-knew-were-invented-in-london
Make it York Ltd. (n.d.). Visit York. https://www.visityork.org/
The Stay Club. (2020, September 16). A Guide to Stay Safe in London. https://www.thestayclub.com/blog/a-guide-to-stay-safe-in-london/
What to eat in York?. (n.d.). tasteatlas. Retrieved May 6, 2020, from https://www.tasteatlas.com/york
Wheatstone, R. (2021, March 6). Crime map of Britain: The most dangerous places to live in England and Wales revealed as crimes including robbery and sex offences ranked. The Sun. https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/13292111/most-dangerous-places-england/