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Guia de navegació > GiH 3 ESO > ABP. LEONARDO > The Italian Renaissance
The Renaissance began in Italy and then spread to the rest of Europe. It is divided into two periods: the Quattrocento (the 1400s), which began in Florence and flourished under the Medici family, and the Cinquecento (the 1500s), when the capital of art moved to Rome and the Pope acted as patron.
The Renaissance began in Italy and then spread to the rest of Europe. It is divided into two periods: the Quattrocento (the 1400s), which began in Florence and flourished under the Medici family, and the Cinquecento (the 1500s), when the capital of art moved to Rome and the Pope acted as patron.
Architecture
Architecture
Renaissance architects wanted to create harmonious spaces with simple, orderly elements. They applied mathematical proportions to their buildings.
They included classical elements such as lintels, friezes, Greek columns, semi-circular arches and Roman domes in churches, palaces and other buildings.
Filippo Brunelleschi: Basilica of San Lorenzo (Florence), 1421-1470.
Painting and sculpture
Painting and sculpture
Painters recreated classical mythology, religious scenes and psychological portraits. They also depicted nature, which was often idealised.
They used the laws of perspective, which are based on geometry and advances in optical instruments.
Sculptors were interested in the human body and tried to represent it in perfect, life-like proportions and harmony.
They created freestanding sculptures as well as decorative reliefs for buildings and busts of important people of the time. For the first time since Ancient History, there was a return to equestrian sculpture.
In the Quattrocento, artists valued proportion and harmony. In the Cinquecento, their focus shifted to volume, emotions and feelings.
Donatello: David, 1440.
Piero della Francesca: Duke of Urbino, 1472.
The Vatican: the peak of the Cinquecento
The Vatican: the peak of the Cinquecento
St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican (Rome) symbolises the power of the Catholic Church and the patronage of the popes.
Work on the basilica began at the beginning of the 16th century. The great artists of the Cinquecento contributed to its construction.
Michelangelo: The Pietà, 1499. The piece was not originally made for the basilica. It was moved there later.
Michelangelo: The Creation of Adam (fragment). The frescos on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel were commissioned by Pope Sixtus IV in 1508.
A painter with no doubts is one who makes no progress.
A painter with no doubts is one who makes no progress.
Font: G&H3. Geography & History (3D class)
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