A  B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) -  A standard network protocol used to transfer files between a client and a server over a TCP/IP network. 

Flow - the measure of how efficiently work moves through a given process or framework

Flowchart -  The depiction in a diagram format of the inputs, process actions, and out puts of one or more processes within a system.

Forecast - An estimate or prediction of conditions and events in the projects future based on information and knowledge available at the time of the forecast.

Gantt Chart - A bar chart of schedule information where activities are listed on the vertical axis, dates are shown on the horizontal axis, and activity durations are shown as horizontal bars placed according to start and finish dates.

Governance - The framework for directing and enabling an organization through its established policies, practices, and other relevant documentation.

Grant - The furnishing of assistance, financial or otherwise, to any person or entity to support a program authorized by law. 

Hybrid Approach - a combination of two or more agile and nonagile elements, having a nonagile end result.

Impediment - An obstacle that prevents the team from achieving its objectives, also known as a blocker.

Indirect cost - Refer to all general costs - like administrative and management costs, they are not attributable to any one project but may still impact them. In effect indirect cost impact multiple projects rather than just a specific one but also remain relatively stable over time.

Individually Identifiable Health Information - information that is a subset of health information, including demographic information collected from an individual, and (1) is created or received by a healthcare provider, health plan, employer or health care clearinghouse; and (2) relates to the past, present or future physical or mental health or condition of an individual; the provision of health care to an individual; or the past, present or future payment for the provision of health care to an individual; and (a) that identifies the individual; or (b) with respect to which there is a reasonable basis to believe the information can be used to identify the individual. 

 IT Process Automation (ITPA) - The use of technology to automate IT processes and workflows, thereby improving efficiency, accuracy, and reliability in IT operations. 

Infrastructure and Operations (I&O) - in the context of IT and business. It encompasses the management of all foundational technologies and processes required to keep an organization’s technology infrastructure running smoothly. 

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)  - A cloud computing model that provides virtualized computing resources over the internet.

Internal Dependency - A relationship between two or more project activities.

Internet of Things (IoT) - Refers to the network of interconnected devices and objects that can collect, send, and receive data over the internet. 

Intrusion Detection System (IDS)  - Security technology designed to monitor network or system activities for malicious actions or policy violations. 

Issue - A current condition or situation that may have an impact on the projects objectives.

Issue Log - A project document where information about issues is recorded and monitored.

Iteration - A timeboxed cycle of development on a product or deliverables in which all of the work that is needed to deliver value is performed.

Iteration plan - A detailed plan for the current iteration.

Ivanti - An IT software company, formed in 2017 and produces software.

Kanban - is a project management method that visualizes the tasks needed to complete a project by using cards placed within columns.  In kanban a task is created on a card and then moved from one column to another as it progresses toward completion. Kanban is often paired with other project management methods such as Scrum or Lean.

Key performance indicators  (KPI) - Are quantifiable metrics used to measure an organization's overall performance. Project managers can use KPIs to set objectives, create project plans, and measure their performance.

Kickoff Meeting - A gathering of team members and other key stakeholders at the outset of a project to formally set expectations, gain a common understanding at the outset of a project to formally set expectations, gain a common understanding, and commence work.

Lag - The amount of time whereby a successor activity will be delayed with respect to a predecessor activity.

Lead - The amount of time whereby a successor activity can be advanced with respect to a predecessor activity.

Lead Time - The time between a customer request and the actual delivery.

Lessons Learned - The knowledge gained during a project, which shows how project events were addressed or should be addressed in the future, for the purpose of improving future performance.

Lessons Learned Register - A project document used to record knowledge gained during a project, phase or iteration so that it can be used to improve future performance for the team and the organization.

Life Cycle - See project life cycle

Log - A document used to record and describe or denote selected items identified during execution of a process or activity. Usually used with a modifier, such as issue, change, or assumption.

Machine Learning (ML) -  A subset of artificial intelligence (AI) that focuses on the development of algorithms and statistical models that enable computers to learn from and make predictions or decisions based on data.

Managed File Transfer (MFT) - Refers to a secure and efficient method of transferring files between systems, users, and applications. MFT solutions provide a range of features designed to enhance security, compliance, and ease of use. 

Mandatory Dependency - A relationship that is contractually required or inherent in the nature of the work. 

Maximum Budgeted Amount (MBA) - the amount of funding available for the purchase of the goods or services as determined by the agency prior to requisition submission. This amount determines the agency’s ability to negotiate and cannot be changed after the bid opening. 

Measures of Performance - Measures that characterize the physical or functional attributes relating to system operation.

Method - A means for achieving an outcome, output, result, or project deliverable.

Methodology - A system of practices, techniques, procedures, and rules used by those who work in a discipline.

Milestone - Is a marker that indicates a major goal, task, or event within a project.  Milestones are often used to divide a project into discrete phases and plan the resources and actions that must be completed by a specific time.

Minimum viable product (MVP) - a version of  your product or service that may not be fully complete, but it is functional enough for users to test and provide feedback.  MVP is used to determine if there is a market for your idea and if it effectively solves a problem for customers.  MVP serves as a crucial starting point for any project using the Agile Methodology method. 

Monitoring - Is the process of regularly checking the progress of a project and its associated tasks. Project managers monitor a project to ensure that it stays on track and to resolve any obstacles that may hinder its completion (a process known as "control").

Network Path - A sequence of activities connected by logical relationships in a project schedule network diagram.

Non-Public Data - Other than personal data, that is not subject to distribution to the public as public information.  It is deemed to be sensitive and confidential by the public jurisdiction because it contains information that is exempt by statute, ordinance, or administrative rule from access by the general public as public information. 

Objective - Something toward which work is to be directed, a strategic position to be attained, a purpose to be achieved, a result to be obtained, a product to be produced, or a service to be performed.

Opportunity - A risk that would have a positive effect on one or more project objectives.

Organizational Breakdown Structure - A hierarchical representation of the project organization, which illustrates the relationship between project activities and the organizational units that will perform those activities. 

Outcome - An end result or consequence of a process or project. 

Password Authentication Protocol  -  A simple authentication method used to validate users by transmitting their passwords in plaintext over a network. 

Personal Data  - Data that includes information relating to a person that identifies the person by first name or first initial, and last name, has any of the following personally identifiable information (PII): government-issued identification numbers (e.g., Social Security, driver’s license, state identification card); financial account information, including account number, credit or debit card numbers; or protected health information (PHI). 

Phase Gate - A review at the end of a phase in which a decision is made to continue to the the next phase, to continue with the modification, or to end the project or program.

Plan - A proposed means of accomplishing something.

Planned Value - The authorized budget assigned to scheduled work.

Platform as a Service - A cloud computing model that provides a platform allowing developers to build, deploy, and manage applications without the complexity of maintaining the underlying infrastructure. 

Portfolio - Projects, programs, subsidiary portfolios, and operations managed as a group to achieve strategic objectives.

Portfolio Management - The centralized management of one or more portfolios to achieve strategic objectives.

Printing (for Procurement purposes) - Services including printing, binding, ruling, lithographing, engraving and other similar services. 

Procurement – The buying, purchasing, renting, leasing or otherwise obtaining of commodities or services. 

Protest – A formal, written complaint filed by a vendor regarding specifications or an award

Product - An artifact that is produced, is quantifiable, and can be either be an end item in itself or a component item.

Product Breakdown Structure - A hierarchical structure reflecting a product's components and deliverables.

Product Life Cycle - A series of phases that represent the evolution of a product, from concept through delivery, growth, maturity, and to retirement.

Product Owner - A person responsible for maxing the value of the value of the product and accountable for the end product.

Project - A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product service, or result. 

Project Budget - A specific budget for a particular project. The budget plays a critical role in the project planning process, impacting everything from how many people work on the project to its timeline and what can feasibly accomplished. The budget should estimate the total costs for the project and how much will be spent and on what for each phase of the project.

Project Calendars - Display a project's timeline within an calendar format so that all stakeholders can have a clear view of what needs to be accomplished and by when. 

Project Charter - A document issued by the project initiator or sponsor that formally authorizes the existence of a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities.

Project Governance - The framework, functions, and processes that guide project management activities in order to create a unique product, service, or result to meet organizational, strategic, and operational goals.

Project lead - A person who helps the project team to achieve the project objectives, typically by orchestrating the work of the project.

Project Manager - Oversee the planning, organization, and execution of a project from beginning to end.  Project managers must work within budget constraints to effectively plan and organize projects, while also leading their teams to complete projects within a specified timeframe. 

Project Management Body of Knowledge - is a standardized collection of guidelines and terms used for project management that are presented in A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) published by the Project Management Institute (PMI).

Project Management Institute - A professional association for project management that provides globally recognized standards for the field, professional certifications, and online educational courses. 

Project Management Lifecycle - A framework that provides step-by-step organization for a project from beginning to end. the Project lifecycle is usually divided into four stages: initiating, planning, executing, and closing a project. 

Project Management plan - Details the process used to manage a project. The project management plan is used to describe the method used to achieve the goals defined in the Project Plan.

Project Management Office - A group of project-oriented professionals within a larger organization who provide organization-wide project support. PMO are often responsible for project documentation, planning, resourcing, and monitoring.

Project Management Software - Refers to software that is specifically designed to assist in the management and planning of projects. 

Project Objectives - The ultimate goals of the project.  

Project Planning - The second stage of the project management lifecycle in which the concrete steps to complete a project are formulated. During the planning stage, project managers outline timelines, establish budgets, set milestones, conduct Risk Assessments, and assign tasks to team members. 

Project Review - An event at the end of a phase or project to assess the status, evaluate the value delivered, and determine if the project is ready to move to the next phase or transition to operations

Project Scope - Establishes the project's boundaries, objectives, tasks, deadlines, and deliverables. Project managers use a "Scope Statement" to document all such features so that team members can remain focused on the project's over all objectives as they progress through the project.  Project Scope is completed during the planning process of the project management lifecycle.

Project Timeline - A visual representation of a project's tasks and events in chronological order from start to finish. Project Managers use project timelines as it gives all of the team members a full picture of everything that must be completed in a project and by when.

Protected Health Information - individually identifiable health information transmitted by electronic media, maintained in electronic media, or transmitted or maintained in any other form or medium. PHI excludes education records covered by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), as amended, 20 U.S.C. 1232g, records described at 20 U.S.C. 1232g(a)(4)(B)(iv) and employment records held by a covered entity in its role as employer. 

Public Jurisdiction - Any government or government agency that uses these terms and conditions. The term is a placeholder for the government or government agency. 

Public Jurisdiction Data - All data created or in any way originating with the public jurisdiction, and all data that is the output of computer processing or other electronic manipulation of any data that was created by or in any way originated with the public jurisdiction, whether such data or output is stored on the public jurisdiction’s hardware, the service provider’s hardware or exists in any system owned, maintained or otherwise controlled by the public jurisdiction or by the service provider. 

Public Jurisdiction Identified Contact - Person or persons designated in writing by the public jurisdiction to receive security incident or breach notification. 

Purchase Order – A term generically utilized to reference the State’s issuance of a document awarding a contract to a vendor. In wvOASIS, purchase orders reference contracts that do not contain renewals. Purchase orders in wvOASIS can be issued as Central Purchase Orders (“CPO”) if solicited through the Purchasing Division or Agency Purchase Orders (“APO”) if issued at the agency delegated level. 

Quality - The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements.

RACI Chart Method - In project management, is a spreadsheet used to categorize stakeholders into one of four role types Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, or Informed.  This spreadsheet indicates a stakeholder's relationship to a project's task.

Register - A written record of regular entries for evolving aspects of a project, such as risks, stakeholders, or defects.

Report - A formal record or summary of information.

Request for Information - A formal process used by organizations to gather more information from potential vendors or service providers. This process helps clarify what products, services, or solutions are available in the market and whether they meet the organization’s specific needs. 

Request for Quotation -  is a formal procurement document used to request pricing and terms from suppliers for specific goods or services. 

Requirement - A condition or capability that is necessary to be present in a product, service, or the result to satisfy a business need.

Requisition – An electronic request in wvOASIS by an agency for the purchase of commodities and services. 

Resource Calendar - A tool used by Project Managers that tracks the availability of team members and indicates their skill set so that they can be efficiently scheduled on dates and times that ensure the project is completed in a timely manner. Resource Calendars can also flag potentially important dates like holidays, and nonwork days that may impact resource allocation throughout the projects lifecycle.

Resource leveling - A technique used in project management in which scheduling conflicts and over allocated resources are resolved by redistributing and adjusting them. 

Responsibility - An assignment that can delegated within a project management plan such that the assigned resource incurs a duty to perform the requirements of that assignment.

Restricted Data - Personal data and non-public data.

Retrospective - Is used with the Agile Methodology where a collaborative meeting is held by a team at the conclusion of a project.  It aims to reflect on the project's overall performance, evaluate its achievements and shortcomings, and identify opportunities for improvement. By collectively reviewing the project, the team gains insights and understanding that can be utilized to enhance future projects.

Risk - An uncertain event or condition that if it occurs, has a positive or negative effect on one or more project objectives.

Risk Management Plan - A component of the project, program, or portfolio management plan that describes how risk management activities will be structured and performed. 

Roadmap -  A high-level time line that depicts such things as milestones, significant events, reviews, and decision points.

Role - A defined function to be performed by a project team member, such as testing, filing, inspecting, or coding. 

Scope - The sum of the products, services,  and results to be provided as a project.

Scope Baseline - The approved version of a scope statement, work breakdown structure (WBS). and its associated WBS dictionary that can be changed using formal change control procedures and is used as a basis for comparison to actual results. 

Scope Creep - When a project's scope is changed or expanded after the project has begun. Scope creep often result from poorly defined project scope, miscommunication, or project mismanagement. Scope creep can be costly to businesses and impede the progress of a project's development. 

Scrum Master - Facilitates the use of Agile methodologies within a team.  While Project Managers oversee a project from start to finish, Scrum Masters work with the teams and individuals to ensure that the objectives are met. 

Security Incident - Unauthorized access to personal data or non-public data the service provider believes could reasonably result in the  use, disclosure or theft of a public jurisdiction's unencrypted personal data or non-public data within the possession or control of the service provider.  A security incident may or may not turn into a data breach. 

Services – The furnishing of labor, time, expertise or effort, not involving the delivery of a specific end commodity or product other than one that may be incidental to the required performance.

Service Provider - The contractor and its employee, subcontractors, agents and affiliates wo are providing the services aggreged to under the contract. 

Software-as-a-Service - The capability provided to the consumer to use the provider’s applications running on a cloud infrastructure. The applications are accessible from various client devices through a thin-client interface such as a Web browser (e.g., Web-based email) or a program interface. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, storage or even individual application capabilities, with the possible exception of limited user-specific application configuration settings. 

Software Development Lifecycle - A step-by-step project management framework for developing software from beginning to end. This cycle usually includes brainstorming, planning, writing code, launching the product, and maintaining it over time.

Spending Unit – A department, bureau, division, office, board, commission, authority, agency or institution of state government for which an appropriation is requested by the Governor, or to which an appropriation is made by the Legislature, unless a specific exemption from W. Va. Code 5A-1 is provided.

Specification - A precise statement of the needs to be satisfied and the essential characteristics that are required.

Sponsor - A person or group who provides resources and support for the project, program, or portfolio and is accountable for enabling success. 

Sprint - A short time interval within a project during which a usable and potentially releasable increment of the product is created.

Stakeholder -  An individual, group, or organization that may affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a decision, activity, or outcome of the project, program, or portfolio.

Stakeholder Analysis - A method of systematically gathering and analyzing quantitative and qualitative information to determine whose interests should be taken into account throughout the project. 

Stakeholder Register - A project documentation that includes information about project stakeholders including an assessment and classification of project stakeholders.

Standard - A document established by an authority, custom, or general consent as a model or example.

Statement of Work - A document that outlines the boundaries of a project for a team and their client, indication the work they will and will not do. As a result, and SOW acts as a single source of truth for all stakeholders and contains the project scope statement for reference. 

Statewide Contract – An open-end contract issued by the Purchasing Division and made available to all state agencies to purchase frequently used commodities and services.

Status Meeting - A regularly  scheduled meeting to exchange and analyze information about the currently progress of the project and its performance.

Status Report - A report on the current status of the project.

Steering Committee - A advisory body of senior stakeholders who provide direction and support for the project team and make decisions outside the project team's authority.  

Strategic Plan - A high-level document that explains an organization's vision and mission plus the approach that will be adopted to achieve this mission and vision, including the specific goals and objectives to be achieved during the period covered by the document.  

Stringing – Issuing a series of requisitions or dividing or planning procurements to circumvent the agency’s delegated procurement threshold or otherwise avoid the use of sealed bids.

SWOT Analysis - Is a tool used in project management to analyze a project's strengths and weaknesses so that stakeholders know what to expect before undertaking the project.

 Tailoring - The deliberate adaptation of approach, governance, and processes to make them more suitable for the given environment and the work at hand. 

Task Management - The process of tracking, monitoring, and executing a task within a larger project and its lifecycle. Task Management is a fundamental part of being a project manager as each task is integral to the completion of a project. 

Test Plan - A document describing deliverables that will be tested, tests that will be conducted, and the processes that will be use in the testing.

Threat - A risks that would have a negative effect on one or more project objectives.

Timebox - A short, fixed period of time in which work is to be completed.

Tolerance - The quantified description of acceptable variation for a quality requirement. 

Uncertainty - A lack of understanding and awareness of issues, events, path to follow, or solutions to pursue. 

Unit Price – The cost per unit of the commodity or service (e.g. per ton, per labor hour, or per foot).

Use Case - An artifact for describing and exploring how a user interacts with a system to achieve a specific goal.

User Story - A brief description of an outcome for a specific user, which is a promise for a conversation to clarify details.

User Acceptance Testing - The final stage in software development during which software is tested in real world environment to access its functionality. 

Validation - The assurance that a product, service or result meets the needs of the customer and other identified stakeholders. 

Value - The worth, importance, or usefulness of something.

Variance - A quantifiable deviation, departure, or divergence away from a known baseline or expected value.

Velocity - A measure of a team's productivity rate at which the deliverables are produced, validated, and accepted within a predefined interval.

Vendor – Any person or entity that may, through contract or other means, supply the state or its subdivisions with commodities and services, and lessors of real property. 

Vendor Self Service (VSS) Portal – This feature incorporates the vendor registration function as well as commodities and services currently out for bid. The VSS portal also allows vendors to receive solicitation notifications by email based on commodities and services noted at the time of registration; review awarded contracts; perform inquiries pertaining to awards; view payment status; and update company contact information, including mail and email addresses. 

Verification - The evaluation of whether or not a product, service, or result complies with a regulation, requirement, specification, or imposed condition.

Virtual Machine -A software emulation of a physical computer that runs an operating system and applications just like a real computer. 

Virtual Team - A group of people with a shared goal who work in different locations and who engage with each other primarily through phone and other electronic communications. 

Vision Statement - A summarized, high-level, description about the expectations for a product such as target market users, major benefit, and what differentiates the product from other in the market. 

Volatility - The possibility for rapid and unpredictable change.

Waste - Activities that consume resources and/or time without adding value.

WBS Dictionary - A document that provides detailed deliverable, activity, and scheduling information about each component in the work breakdown structure 

Waterfall Model - An approach in project management in which a projects phases are ordered sequentially so that one phase will begin once the preceding phase has been completed.  Waterfall method is typically used to map out long, complex projects that are not suitable for constant changes. The waterfall model consists of tiered phases that resemble a waterfall. 

Work Breakdown Structure - A hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables. 

Workload Automation - Automating business processes and IT tasks to improve efficiency and reliability. It helps in scheduling and managing workloads across various systems. 

Work Package - The work defined at the lowest level of the work breakdown structure for which cost and duration are estimated and managed. 

wvOASIS – An enterprise resource planning (ERP) system used by the state of West Virginia to process all financial transactions, including procurement.