C2 demonstrate an understanding of variables, expressions, equalities, and inequalities, and apply this understanding in various contexts

• C2.1 identify quantities that can change and quantities that always remain the same in real-life contexts

• C2.2 determine whether given pairs of addition and subtraction expressions are equivalent or not

• C2.3 identify and use equivalent relationships for whole numbers up to 50, in various contexts

F1 demonstrate an understanding of the value of Canadian currency

• F1.1 identify the various Canadian coins up to 50¢ and coins and bills up to $50, and compare their values

C4 apply the process of mathematical modelling to represent, analyse, make predictions, and provide insight into real-life situations

• Mathematical Modelling is a key process expectation that connects across multiple strands. Opportunities to engage students in modelling may arise naturally within rich, real-world contexts — for example, in financial literacy (e.g., creating a budget), measurement (e.g., designing a garden space), or data (e.g., interpreting results from a student survey).

• We recommend using open-ended tasks where students define problems, make decisions, and justify their thinking — even in informal ways — as early steps toward developing modelling skills.

• See our Mathematical Modelling page for more information.

⭐ Connections to Other Essential Key Concepts ⭐

B1 demonstrate an understanding of numbers and make connections to the way numbers are used in everyday life

• B1.1 read and represent whole numbers up to and including 50, and describe various ways they are used in everyday life

• B1.2 compose and decompose whole numbers up to and including 50, using a variety of tools and strategies, in various contexts

• B1.3 compare and order whole numbers up to and including 50, in various contexts

• B1.4 estimate the number of objects in collections of up to 50, and verify their estimates by counting

• B1.5 count to 50 by 1s, 2s, 5s, and 10s, using a variety of tools and strategies

B2 use knowledge of numbers and operations to solve mathematical problems encountered in everyday life

• B2.1 use the properties of addition and subtraction, and the relationship between addition and subtraction, to solve problems and check calculations

• B2.2 recall and demonstrate addition facts for numbers up to 10, and related subtraction facts

• B2.3 use mental math strategies, including estimation, to add and subtract whole numbers that add up to no more than 20, and explain the strategies used

• B2.4 use objects, diagrams, and equations to represent, describe, and solve situations involving addition and subtraction of whole numbers that add up to no more than 50

• B2.5 represent and solve equal-group problems where the total number of items is no more than 10, including problems in which each group is a half, using tools and drawings

⛭ Related Mathematical Processes  

Problem Solving, Communicating, Selecting Tools and Computational Strategies