Self-assessment: Reference Twin Conventions

If you have two or more references with the same author(s) and year of publication, do you list them alphabetically in the reference list by title, then use letter designations in the year element to differentiate them?

If the answer is yes, click here to move on to the next section. If you aren't sure, keep reading below for a more in-depth explanation.

Understanding Reference Twin Conventions

When you have two or more references with the same author and year of publication, readers need a way of distinguishing between them in your in-text citations. This is typically done by placing them in order alphabetically by title, then including a letter in the year element to differentiate between them. These letters are also used in in-text citations to clearly refer to a particular source.

When you're ready to move on, click here to proceed to the next section.