Life Cycle Assessment of Hydrometallurgical Recycling for Cathode Active Materials
Life Cycle Assessment of Hydrometallurgical Recycling for Cathode Active Materials
Published 1 paper as the 1st author on Journal of Power Sources
Graphical abstract
(a) Flowchart of grave-to-gate process for cathode active material recycling. (b) Market share of different cathode active materials.
NMC recycling processes (a) Recycling process option 1. (b) Recycling process option 2. (c) Recycling process option 3. (d) Recycling process option 4.
LFP recycling processes (a) Recycling process option 5. (b) Recycling process option 6.
LCO recycling processes (a) Recycling process option 7. (b) Recycling process option 8. (c) Recycling process option 9. (d) Recycling process option 10.
Comparison of different hydrometallurgical recycling processes for (a) NMC. (b) LFP. (c) LCO. (d) Close-loop comparison of NMC, LFP, and LCO.