The "alegrías" (joys in English) are the most important flamenco style ("palo flamenco" in spanish) belonging to the "cantiñas" group, which are the quintessential cantes of Cádiz and Los Puertos. The name of this flamenco style, comes precisely from its meaning, since it is a cante that encourages joy, party, fun. We can say that it is the oldest flamenco dance; so much so, that a large part of the rest of flamenco clubs are based on the "alegrias" of composing their choreography.
The "soleá" (Soledad in Spanish - loneliness in English) is the flamenco style considered as the nerve center of flamenco. In its musical structure it keeps a good part of the guiding elements (melodies, rhythms, harmonies) of the musical aesthetic characteristic of the flamenco genre. It is not easy to give clues to distinguish soleares, since its aroma permeates almost all flamenco music and the variants are very numerous.
It is one of the most lyrical styles whose full recreation needs, besides inspiration, singing expertise. It was a cheerful song and throughout the nineteenth century the "malagueña" will be one of the most popular genres and requested by the public in the shows of many Hispanic capitals.
It is considered a variant of the "taranta", a kind of mining tango, opposite characters that can be melted in flamenco music. It is the song of the mining area of Almería par excellence (Garrucha and Cuevas de Almanzora). It is a sober cante and of a theme unrelated to the mine (not like in the taranta).
What today is called "tanguillo" corresponds to the "Cadiz tango", the one that the carnival choirs sing and we owe it to carnival groups that at the end of the 19th century will impose the definitive seal that will configure their musical structure.
The "caña" (cane in English) is historically one of the first unmistakably flamenco sings that appear in the chronicles. It is a hard, strong, long song, that sounds the liturgy, melancholic and it is difficult to execute, it requires exceptional physical qualities in the singer.
In its origin the fandango is a sung dance that begins to popularize from the eighteenth century in Andalusia.