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Outcomes
Outcomes
Complete a change of state diagram for water using words such as evaporation, melting, freezing, condensation, boiling.
Describe the physical changes that take place when particles change state.
Changing the state of matter
Changing the state of matter
Matter can change from one state to another if heated or cooled.
Matter can change from one state to another if heated or cooled.
If ice (a solid) is heated it changes to water (a liquid). This change is called melting.
If ice (a solid) is heated it changes to water (a liquid). This change is called melting.
If water is heated, it changes to steam (a gas). This change is called evaporating.
If water is heated, it changes to steam (a gas). This change is called evaporating.
Changing State
When substances are heated or cooled, they change from one state into another.
When a solid is heated, its particles move faster and faster unit they break away from their fixed positions (solid to liquid). More heating can cause them to fly away (liquid to gas). This can also be reversed by cooling.
Evaporation: (liquid to gas) by heating. Water is heated by the sun, turning into water vapour.
Condensation: (gas to liquid) by cooling. When water vapour is cooled, it changes back to a water droplet. (Imagine foggy windows on a cold day!)
When gas bubbles appear in a liquid it is said to be boiling. The temperature this occurs at is its boiling point (BP)- water is 100 degrees celcius.
Substances also have a melting point (MP)- the temperature for a solid to become a liquid. (Water is 1 degrees celcius)
Activities:
Activities:
Molecules in Solids Video Questions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUB4uNtmmWA&list=PL07249EFA9038FDC1&index=8
1. What are the three states of matter?
2. What would you see in a solid if you were small enough to see the little lumps of matter that make up the solid?
3. Describe the movement of the little lumps.
4. What makes a solid, a solid?
5. What is the scientific term given to the ‘little lumps’?
Molecules in Liquids
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fmF90Mk1J-k&index=9&list=PL07249EFA9038FDC1
1. What do solids consist of?
2. What keeps solids from falling apart?
3. What happens when things get hot?
4. What happens to the molecules when they get hot?
5. What happens to the force of attraction between molecules when they move too fast?
6. Describe the movement of molecules in a liquid.
Evaporation & Condensation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELtSFDod3Dg&list=PL07249EFA9038FDC1&index=10
1. As the ________________ in a solid get _______________, they vibrate faster and faster, until their mutual force of _____________________ is no longer ____________ enough to hold them together. This causes them to ________ out of their ________________________ pattern, which therefore __________ apart.
When the lattice-work of ___________________ in a solid has ____________________, we say that the solid has __________________. It has changed from a __________ state into a _____________ state.
2. Are molecules in liquids packed tightly together like solids?
3. What happens to some of the molecules at the surface of the liquid?
4. What do these molecules form?
5. What is the name given to the process when a liquid changes in to a gas?
6. What happens as water gets hotter?
7. What happens to gas molecules when they become cold?
8. What is the change of state from gas to liquid called?
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