Photosymbiotic invertebrates
Photosymbiotic invertebrates
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Porifera: Terpios hoshinota
Porifera: Terpios hoshinota
Black sponge encrusts and probably kills corals. It is potential threat of the coral reef ecosystem. This sponge contains numerous amount of cyanobacteria in the mesohyl.
Black sponge encrusts and probably kills corals. It is potential threat of the coral reef ecosystem. This sponge contains numerous amount of cyanobacteria in the mesohyl.
Hirose E, Murakami A (2011) Microscopic anatomy and pigment characterization of coral-encrusting black sponge with cyanobacterial symbiont, Terpios hoshinota. Zool Sci 28:199–205. doi: 10.2108/zsj.28.199
Wang J-T, Hirose E, Hsu C-M, et al (2012) A coral-killing sponge, Terpios hoshinota, releases larvae harboring cyanobacterial symbionts: An implication of dispersal. Zool Stud 51:314–320.
Nozawa Y, Huang YS, Hirose E (2016) Seasonality and lunar periodicity in the sexual reproduction of the coral-killing sponge, Terpios hoshinota. Coral Reefs 35:1071–1081. doi: 10.1007/s00338-016-1417-0
Xenacoelomorpha: Convolutriloba longifissura
Xenacoelomorpha: Convolutriloba longifissura
It harbors Tetraselmis spp. in the body. The orange pigmentation may be a sunglass for the symbionts.
It harbors Tetraselmis spp. in the body. The orange pigmentation may be a sunglass for the symbionts.
Hirose E, Hirose M (2007) Body colors and algal distribution in the acoel flatworm Convolutriloba longifissura: Histology and ultrastructure. Zool Sci 24:1241–1246. doi: 10.2108/zsj.24.1241
Giant Clams
Giant Clams
Giant clams harbors dinofllagellate in the tubes branched from the stomach. The symbiosis is established in a juvenile clam a few days after the metamorphosis.
Giant clams harbors dinofllagellate in the tubes branched from the stomach. The symbiosis is established in a juvenile clam a few days after the metamorphosis.
Hirose E, Iwai K, Maruyama T (2006) Establishment of the photosymbiosis in the early ontogeny of three giant clams. Mar Biol 148:551–558. doi: 10.1007/s00227-005-0119-x
Seaslug: Plakobranchus ocellatus
Seaslug: Plakobranchus ocellatus
Some sacoglossans are known to retain chloroplast of the food algae in the digestive grand cells.
Some sacoglossans are known to retain chloroplast of the food algae in the digestive grand cells.
Hirose E (2005) Digestive system of the sacoglossan Plakobranchus ocellatus (Gastropoda : Opisthobranchia): Light- and electron-microscopic observations with remarks on chloroplast retention. Zool Sci 22:905–916.
Maeda T, Hirose E, Chikaraishi Y, et al (2012) Algivore or phototroph? Plakobranchus ocellatus (Gastropoda) continuously acquires kleptoplasts and nutrition from multiple algal species in nature. PLoS One 7:e42024. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042024
Tanamura D, Hirose E (2016) Population dynamics of the sea slug Plakobranchus ocellatus (Opisthobranch: Sacoglossa: Elysioidea) on a subtropical coral reef off Okinawa-jima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Zool Stud 55:42. doi: 10.6620/ZS.2016.55-43
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