Our project began from an interest in the rights of nature movement and how it relates to Indigenous food sovereignty. We focused on two particular Indigenous sacred food plants, Kalo and Manoomin, especially because we saw interesting parallels between their stories. If interested, you can listen to our research journeys in our first three segments.
In the end, we focused mostly on ongoing legal cases involving the two plants and water. This helped us better understand legal frameworks like the Rights of Nature, as well as how different legal systems—the tribal court, for Manoomin, and the US colonial court, for Kalo—may protect the rights of nature and Indigenous peoples (seeing the two as interconnected). As we connected the two case studies, we also reflected on broader trans-Indigenous recognition and solidarity.
We hope to gather from both stories a greater understanding of sacred foods and plants’ relationship to law and Indigenous struggles for water. How might legal standing for sacred foods be used to protect water ecosystems? How does protecting Indigenous rights to water affect sacred plants and foods?
We are recording on unceded Dakota land, and we will be reading a land acknowledgement from Jennings Mergenthal, Class of 2021. We thank them for their time and effort in crafting this land acknowledgement.
We would like to acknowledge that Macalester College is located on the traditional, ancestral and contemporary lands of the Waȟpékhute band of Dakhóta Oyáte, the Dakota nation.
We make this acknowledgement to respect and affirm the sovereignty of the Dakota people, ancestors and descendants, and to respect the land itself.
We recognize that this acknowledgment is but a first step in recognizing and dismantling aggressive and persistent policies of settler colonialism that continue to oppress to this day. These are the contexts in which the college functions to this day. The work of acknowledgement must be paired with active practices like the amplification of Indigenous voices and land repatriation in order to be substantive and meaningful.
This podcast also discusses the lives, histories and land of the Ojibwe and Kanaka Maoli. We realize that doing a land acknowledgement for the lands of the Ojibwe and the Kanaka Maoli is beyond our capacity. Doing one without the proper knowledge and relations is performative. In this non-land acknowledgment, we still want to recognize and respect the land, histories, sovereignties of the Ojibwe and Kanaka Maoli, and remind you, our audience, to do so too. And beyond the recognition in our podcast, we must pair it with active practices for it to be meaningful.
This podcast is about Native Hawaiians, or Kanaka Maoli whose language is Olelo Hawai’i and multiple Ojibwe Nations whose language is Ojibwemowin. Because of violent settler colonialism and forced cultural and linguistic assimilation, we acknowledge that relationships to Native languages are complex, especially as we record this podcast in English and do not speak Olelo Hawai’i or Ojibwemowin. However, this podcast focuses on sacred and sovereign Ojibwe and Kanaka Maoli plants and so we use their names, Kalo and Manoomin. Recognizing that these peoples and plants continue to be on their lands, whenever possible, we name things in the context that they’re in.
Rights of Nature
The rights of Manoomin and Kalo are part of the larger growing movement of the Rights of Nature or Rights of Personhood. This legal movement works toward recognizing the legal standing of often sacred, more-than-human beings. This includes rivers, mountains, animals, and plants. While there are many cultures that recognize the rights of nature or have similar world-views and customs long before now, the legal framework of the rights of nature expanded beginning in the 2000s. In our case studies, the case against DNR is a trial of how this legal concept can be used in real life. On the other hand, Kalo has not been granted Rights of Personhood legally but Kalo has always been viewed as a sacred entity of sustenance, community, and ancestor.
Segment 1: Troubled foods - Part 1
Segment 2 - Kalo: Kalo - Part 2
Segment 2 - Manoomin: Manoomin - Part 2
Segment 3 - Kalo: Kalo - Part 3
Segment 3 - Manoomin: Manoomin - Part 3
Final:
Fred Ackley Jr - The Ways, Manoomin: Food That Grows On The Water
Wild Rice White Paper: Preserving the Integrity of Manoomin in Minnesota (U of MN Research and GMOs)
Star Tribune: DNR seeks to quash Line 3-related suit from proceeding in White Earth court
Star Tribune: DNR takes fight against novel Line 3 lawsuit to federal appeals court
Hui O Na Wai Eha. (2021, June 29). Official Statement re Nā Wai ʻEhā Contested Case Hearing Final Decision & Order [Press release]. Retrieved from https://www.scribd.com/document/513909851/Hui-o-N%C4%81-Wai-Eh%C4%81-Official-Statement-Re-CCH-Final-D-O-6-29-2021#from_embed
Davis, C. (2021, October 20). In a first, president of Maui Water Company says he's willing to work with Kalo Farmers. https://www.hawaiinewsnow.com. Retrieved from https://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/2021/10/20/first-president-maui-water-company-says-hes-willing-work-with-kalo-farmers/.
Mitchell, Paige, and Chris Rico. “‘The Rights of Manoomin.’” Arcgis.com, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities , https://www.arcgis.com/apps/Cascade/index.html?appid=d47b1239e6194ebdb3cb24dec2dd77c3.
Tribal court. Manoomin Et Al, v. Mn/DNR Comm. Strommen Et Al. 4 Aug. 2021.
Bios!
Ayize
I'm a senior Environmental Studies major from the Bay Area, CA
Dat
I am an Environmental Studies senior from Wichita, Kansas and Vung Tau, Viet Nam
Jarita
I'm a senior Environmental Studies and Political Science major from Shanghai, China, and Taiwan.
Natalie
I am a senior Biology major from Milwaukee, Wisconsin.