Modal verbs
Modal verbs
(Horizontale Haltung des Gerätes empfohlen)
(Horizontale Haltung des Gerätes empfohlen)
can
Verwendung:
Fähigkeit, etwas in der Gegenwart zu tun (Ersatzform: to be able to)
Erlaubnis, etwas in der Gegenwart zu tun (Ersatzform: to be allowed to)
Bitte
Angebot
Vorschlag
Möglichkeit
could
Verwendung
Fähigkeit in der Vergangenheit: Konnte früher etwas tun (Ersatzform: to be able to)
Erlaubnis in der Vergangenheit: Durfte früher etwas tun (Ersatzform: to be allowed to)
höfliche Frage höfliche Bitte
höfliches Angebot höflicher Vorschlag
Möglichkeit (etwas ist wahrscheinlich)
have to
Verwendung
Zwang, starke Verpflichtung Past form: I had to (ich musste)
Negative: I didn't have to (ich musste nicht)
must
Verpflichtung (die eigene Meinung)
Wahrscheinlichkeit
Ratschlag (dringende Empfehlung)
must not (mustn't)
Verwendung
Verbot (Gesetz, Vorschriften)
Past form: I couldn't / I was not allowed to...
need not (needn't)
Verwendung
keine Notwendigkeit (man muss/braucht etwas nicht zu tun)
should
Ratschlag
ought to
fast immer wie should zu verwenden, nur klingt ought to etwas strenger als should
Ratschlag
Verpflichtung
shall
Vorschlag
can
I can speak English.
Can I go to the cinema?
Can you wait a moment, please?
I can lend you my car till tomorrow.
Can we visit Grandma at the weekend?
It can get very hot in Arizona.
could
I could speak English.
I could go to the cinema.
Could I go to the cinema, please?
Could you wait a moment, please?
I could lend you my car till tomorrow.
Could we visit Grandma at the weekend?
It could get very hot in Montana.
have to
You have to use a mask when touching chemicals.
I'm ill. I have to take this medicine. (the doctor told me so)
I drove too fast, now I have to pay a fine.
must
I must go to the supermarket today.
You must be tired.
You must see the new film with Brad Pitt.
must not (mustn't)
You mustn't take photographs.
You mustn't smoke here.
need not (needn't)
I needn't go to the supermarket; we're going to the restaurant tonight.
should
You should drive carefully in bad weather.
You should go to the doctor if you're feeling sick.
ought to
You ought to drive carefully in bad weather.
You ought to swich off the lights when you leave the room.
shall
Shall I carry your bag?