Automotive aerodynamics is the study of the aerodynamics of road vehicles. Its main goals are reducing drag and wind noise, minimizing noise emission, and preventing undesired lift forces and other causes of aerodynamic instability at high speeds. Air is also considered a fluid in this case. For some classes of racing vehicles, it may also be important to produce downforce to improve traction. In this challenge, you will not only learn about how build and design a race car but will also realize how the design the surface of a car can help minimize drag and improve its motion through the air for better performance.
Research - Rail Car Build
Render - Redesign
Render 1
The second prototype simplified and strengthened features of the outer shell. The design needed to be light weight, therefore I has to allocate rigid structures in places of stress and force transfer. Overall the design has less surface area. A redundant feature I kept was the vertical stabilizer, Co2 cars are constrained to a cable which already provide vertical stability. Lastly, the rear wheels were covered to ease assembly.
Render 2 - Section View
The sectioned render provides view to the internal features. The shell was created to require no support material. When printed on it's rear face, overhanging features can be compensated using a bridge feature. Usually, thin 3d printed design have most of their weight concentrated in their walls. As such, the second design has 2 layer thick walls. (each layers being around 0.4mm thick). Though, a design of this thickness is near the limit of a functioning part. The frame (in yellow) is fastened to the bottom of the shell. To it, the bearings, axles, and wheels are fixed.
Research - Rail Car FlowSim
Front Plane:
Top Plane:
Right Plane:
Research - Aerodynamic Changes
As air travels around the vehicle, a series of high and low pressures regions are created. As viewed from the flow simulation, higher pressure air underneath wedged underneath the vehicle escapes into the main body.
Comparison - Avg Force (Z) LIFT
Comparison - Avg Force (Y) DRAG
Comparison - Avg Static Pressure