Labor Market Outcomes and Effectiveness of Youth Employment


Objective: To analyze labor market outcomes and effectiveness of technical and vocational education with learner’s skill development of youth

Journal Articles

Abstract

In the late 1990s, after the financial crisis, the youth experienced an economic crisis, which shows various characteristics as they progress their careers. Focusing on the family background effect in terms of intergenerational mobility, this study tried to analyze whether their occupational career types differ according to their family background characteristics and their labor market outcomes throughout their life cycle.

Using data from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study throughout 20 years, multi-channel(using criteria of occupational types and labor status) sequence analysis with the optimal matching method was applied to cluster groups of occupation mobility. Occupation mobility groups were identified as "clericals type", "management and professionals type", ‘quasi-professional and technicians type’, ‘agriculture, craft, and elementary occupation type", "mixed occupation type". Especially, ‘mixed occupation type’ was divided into two subcategories as "Delayed entry type" and "Self-employment entry type" as follows. Overall, each type of respondents experienced a duration of non-economically production or duration of education & training. Although family background effect was not significant according to occupational career type, respondents’ occupational characteristics were partly similar to their fathers’ occupation. Applying age-earning profile formula, the results showed wages increased by 2% for "clericals type", "management and professionals type", ‘quasi-professional and technicians type’, ‘agriculture, craft, and elementary occupation type", compared to mixed occupation type. Those who answered their household economic situation was high at the age of 14 showed 4% higher of their income than those who did not. On this basis, conclusions and limitations were presented.

Abstract

The national basic livelihood protection program, started since 2000, is reported as having effect of consumption smoothing, income increasing and poverty alleviation among low-income people, but showing controversial results when it comes to an effect of work incentive. This study tried to analyze whether the reorganization of the national basic livelihood protection program had an effect of work incentive among youth. The work incentive effect of young people were analyzed in 2014 (before the reorganization) and 2016 (after the renovation), applying difference in differences method and using a data from the Korean Welfare Panel. The result showed youth who received the program were likely to have lower possibility of participating in economic activity. On the other hand, the difference of possibility of work incentive according to reorganization of the program was not significantly effect. Based on these, discussion and conclusion were presented.



Abstract

The apprenticeship training is given as a solution of the youth unemployment problem. The apprenticeship is a system that companies hire and instruct trainees and is implemented in various countries. In Korea, there is a Korean work-learning dual system which is managed by the government rather than the company itself. This Study analyzed Germany, Switzerland and Austria`s apprenticeship training system and compared common factors of apprenticeship system, a trainer in company and cost-benefit analysis. The result of the study can be shown as follows. First, Germany operates practical training, meanwhile Switzerland and Austria provide a pre-education course before students enter the upper-secondary VET course. Second, Germany and Switzerland give a single type apprenticeship training, whereas Austria runs a modularization system, which enables students to specify their skills and improves clarity. Third, social partners as well as the government, states, companies/schools actively participate in apprenticeship. Fourth, there is a suitable trainer`s qualification system in all countries. Finally, Germany and Austria`s companies cause larger cost than benefit in apprenticeship. On the other hand, Switzerland gets larger net-benefit than cost. We can give implications to the Korean work-learning dual system based on this study.





Projects

  1. Project1: Establishment of a regional-based cooperative system for secondary vocational education and restructuring of vocational high schools, Sponsor: Chungcheong Buk-do Office of Education, April 2021 – November 2021

  2. Project2: Research on the current status and the future directions of the technical and vocational skill development training courses in general high schools, Sponsor: Ministry of Employment and Labor, April 2021 – September 2021

  3. Project 3: A Research of Establishment and Implement of a Mid-to-long-term Comprehensive Development Plan for Agriculture-Specialized High Schools in Chung-Nam Province, Sponsor: Chungcheong Nam-do Office of Education, September 2019 – March 2020

  4. Project 4: A Research of Establishment and Implement of a Mid-to-long-term Comprehensive Development Plan for the Seoul Financial High School, Sponsor: Seoul Financial High school, April 2017 – September 2017

  5. Project 5: A Study on the OJT Implementation Model and Application of Learning Tools for Korean Work-Learning Dual System, Sponsor: Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education & Training (KRIVET), March 2016 – December 2016

  6. Project 6: A Comparative Study on the Apprentice Training System and Apprentice Training Program in German-speaking Countries, Sponsor: Seoul National University (SNU), June 2015 – April 2017