The Earth's climate system is composed of multiple subsystems that interact in complex ways to change the climate when external forcing is applied to the system. In order to correctly predict future climate change, it is necessary to have a deep understanding of how the climate system works.

However, the response of each subsystem to forcing varies from a quick and immediate response to a slow response over a long period of time, and the full picture is still unclear. In order to understand the entire climate system, it is necessary to analyze time series data of climate change including long time scales.

In our laboratory, we are trying to understand the mechanism of the climate system by reconstructing climate variability on various time scales from various paleoclimate archives (e.g., marine and lake sediments and ice cores) around the world and analyzing the obtained paleoclimate data.

• Ocean: Sea of Okhotsk, Bering Sea, East Equatorial Pacific, Caribbean Sea, South Atlantic, North Atlantic, etc.

• Lakes and marshes: Hokkaido lakes, Hokkaido peat, Lake Biwa, Hongyuan (Tibet), Hani (northeast China), etc.

• Ice cores: Greenland ice sheet, Antarctic ice sheet, Kamchatka mountain glacier, Alaska mountain glacier, etc.

Earth system, climate system, teleconnections, radiative forcing, climate sensitivity, climate feedback, aerosols, Arctic Oscillation, Atlantic Decadal Oscillation

Aerosols, Arctic Oscillation, Atlantic Decadal Oscillation, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, El Niño Southern Oscillation, Monsoon, Medieval Warm Period

Monsoon, Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age, Glacial-Interglacial Cycle, Milankovitch Cycle, Super-Interglacial

Dansgaard-Oeschger Cycle, Northern Hemisphere Ice Sheet Development, Pliocene Warm Period, Late Miocene Global Cooling, Mid-Miocene Climate Optimum

Mid-Miocene climatic optimum, biomarkers, microfossils, isotopic composition, marine sediments, lake sediments, peat sediments, ice cores