Nowadays, with the rapid development of science and technology, modern paper-making processes have been mechanized.
Pulping is the first step of paper-making. Generally, there are three methods to convert wood into pulp: groundwood pulp, chemical pulp and semi-chemical pulp.
The use of mechanical milling force to obtain wood fibers, also known as mechanical pulp. It can be further divided into general mechanical pulp (一般機械漿), refiner mechanical pulp (精製機械漿), and thermo-mechanical pulp (熱磨機械漿), etc.
The fiber and lignin were separated by the chemical method to obtain wood fiber, which can be further divided into soda pulp (蘇打漿), acid sulfite pulp (亞硫酸鹽漿), and sulfate pulp (硫酸鹽漿).
Combining mechanical and chemical pulping methods. It can be further divided into neutral semi-chemical pulp (中性半化學漿), cold soda pulp(冷蘇打漿), and chemical-mechanical pulp (化學機械漿), etc.
The modulation of paper is one of the main focus of paper-making. It is important to evaluate the strength, hue, and printability after finish the paper-making process. The general modulation process can be roughly divided into the following three steps:
The main function of the paper-making is to let the modulated paper interweave and dehydrate evenly. After, the paper needs drying, calendaring, winding, cutting, selecting and packing. The general processes are as follows:
The prepared paper material is diluted to a lower concentration, and the screening equipment is used to remove impurities and undissociated fiber bundles again to maintain quality and protect the equipment.
Make the paper material flow out of the head box (頭箱) on the circulating copper wire or plastic net and evenly distributed and interwoven.
Lead the wet paper removed from the net surface to one of the two rollers with fabric by rolling press and wool cloth water absorption. After that the wet paper is further dehydrated and its can made compact to improve the paper surface and increase the strength of paper.
The moisture content of the wet paper after pressing is as high as 52-70%, mechanical force can no longer be used to remove water at this time. Therefore, the wet paper is passed through the surface of the cylinders with hot steam to dry the paper.
Under the thermal forces of the machine, paper becomes smoother, shiny, tighter, flatter and transparent which prevents and reduces the loss of fiber which totally improves the appearance of the paper.
Use the weight of the paper roll and the friction of the cold cylinder to drive the paper from the paper roll.
Take a number of paper rolls that have been rolled into a cylinder, cut them into sheets with a paper cutter, and then manually or mechanically remove the damaged or stained paper. Finally, pack every five hundred sheets into a pack.