Topics covered in this section

Working with discrete data (frequencies and counts)

· 95 % confidence interval of a proportion (Binomial data)

· 95% confidence interval of counted observations (Poisson data)

· Comparing observed with expected frequencies (Chi-square goodness-of-fit)

Application of a Chi-square goodness-of-fit test

· Is there an association between two variables? (Chi-square test)

o Creating a contingency 2 x 2 table

o Calculating expected numbers in a 2 x 2 contingency table

o Calculating the Chi-square value in a 2 x 2 contingency table

• Odds ratio and 95 % Confidence interval

Continuous data (data are treated as a population)

· Calculating the mean

· Calculating the population variance

· Calculating the population variance from the sample variance

Calculating the population standard deviation from a data set

Continuous data (data are treated as a sample)

· Calculating the mean

· Calculating the sample variance

· Calculating the sample standard deviation

· Calculating the SEM (standard error of the mean)

• Calculating the confidence interval for the population mean

Working with the Normal distribution

· Calculating a z-score

· Calculations with z-scores

· Calculating standard deviation of sampling distribution

General hypothesis testing

· Accepting the null hypothesis

· Calculating a t-statistics

Hypothesis testing for normal distributed continuous data (t-tests)

· 1-sample t-test

· p-value of a 2-sample unpaired t-test (Welch's test)

· 95 % confidence interval of the difference of two means (2-sample unpaired t-test)

· Effect size of a 2-sample independent t-test (Cohen's d)

· p-value of a 2-sample paired t-test

· Confidence interval for a 2-sample paired t-test

Regression and trendlines

· Confidence interval for a linear relationship

· Calculating the p-value of a correlation

Here is a table showing which test you should use to analyse your data: