jus soli \ˈyüs-ˈsō-ˌlē\ : "right of soil"
jus sanguinis \ˈyüs-ˈsäŋ-gwə-nəs\: "right of blood"
Birthright citizenship in the United States:
"first made law by the 14th Amendment of the Constitution, primarily to grant legal status to emancipated slaves. The amendment stipulates that "all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside." The Supreme Court solidified the Constitution’s authority on this issue in 1898 by ruling that citizenship is a right offered unconditionally to all born on U.S. soil." (from SE Cupp article)
Below are some articles for more reading about birthright citizenship rights in different countries.
World Atlas - Countries Who Offer Birthright Citizenship
about 30 countries in the world off birthright citizenship
of the 30 countries, only two are considered advanced industrialized countries (the US and Canada)
Which countries grant unconditional birthright citizenship?
several countries offer conditional birthright citizenship
"Many countries grant citizenship to individuals born on their territory provided that certain criteria are met, such as one parent being a citizen of the country or a legal resident. For instance, the constitution of the Dominican Republic explicitly rules out granting citizenship to the children of individuals residing illegally in the country. Malaysia's constitution states that a child born on Malaysian soil must be born to permanent-resident foreigners. Other countries offering conditional birthright citizenship include Australia, Colombia and Ireland. "
and many more countries have changed their birthright citizenship rights in recent years
France revoked it in 1993 (Pasqua Laws) requiring that children of foreign parents request citizenship at age of majority; Pasqua Laws were abrogated in 1998 (the Guigou Law) whereby children of foreign parents remain foreign until age of majority
German immigration laws were liberalized; as of 2000, "children of nonethnic German parents may acquire citizenship at birth if at least one of their parents has held permanent residence for at least three years and resided in Germany for at least eight years."
S.E. Cupp: Only about 30 other countries offer birthright citizenship, making U.S. 'anomaly'
(Image from Business Insider article)