Photos of the cars

Photography is a technology for recording an image by recording optical radiation using a photosensitive photo material or semiconductor converter. Unlike some other languages, in Russian the word "photograph" is used only in relation to still images. At the same time, in professional cinema, this term refers to the visual solution of a film created by a cameraman. Photographs are also called the final prints of a photographic image made on photographic paper by a chemical method or printer. Cars photos is a new art.

Photography technology is based on photography technology, which is considered one of the forms of visual art and occupies a key place in modern mass culture. The first stable photographic image was created in 1822 by the Frenchman Joseph Nisefor Niepce, but it has not survived to the present day. The date of the invention of technology by decision of the IX International Congress of Scientific and Applied Photography is considered January 7, 1839, when Francois Arago made a report on daguerreotype at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences.

The invention of photography was made possible by combining several discoveries made long before that. The ancient Chinese philosopher Mo-tzu described the action of a pinhole camera back in the 5th century BC [8]. Later, in the 4th and 5th centuries, the Greek mathematicians Aristotle and Euclid independently described a similar device. Artists began to use this device to create promising paintings already in the Middle Ages, and among the artists of the Renaissance, the camera obscura was widely known as the “dark room”. In 1694, Wilhelm Homberg described photochemical reactions when substances change color when exposed to light. He drew attention to the sensitivity to light of silver nitrate, discovered three centuries earlier by Albert the Great [9]. The first person to prove that light and not heat makes silver salt dark was the German physicist Johann Heinrich Schulze. In 1725, trying to prepare a luminous substance, he accidentally mixed chalk with nitric acid, which contained a little dissolved silver. Schulze drew attention to the fact that when sunlight fell on the white mixture, it became dark, while the mixture, protected from sunlight, did not change at all. This experiment gave impetus to a series of observations, discoveries and inventions in chemistry, which, after a little over a century, led to the invention of photography.

The invention of photography of the cars photos.

The oldest surviving photograph, “View from the window at Le Gras,” 1826

Paper negativity of Talbot’s first photograph, “Lecock Abbey Window”. 1835 year

Main articles: Heliography, Daguerreotype and Calotypy

The first known attempt to chemically capture images was made by Thomas Wedgwood and Humphrey Davy. Already in 1802, they could receive photograms using silver salts, not knowing how to fix them. The first practical success on the path to the emergence of photography was the invention of heliography (Fr. Héliographie) by Nisephor Niepse. The earliest surviving image taken using this technology with a pinhole camera is dated 1826 and is known as the “View from the window in Le Graz”. With minor improvements, heliography was later widely used to duplicate finished photographs obtained by other methods, but it turned out to be unsuitable for shooting from nature, giving an image with too much contrast with almost no half-tones and small details.

On December 14, 1829, Nieps entered into a notarial agreement on further joint work with the creator of the first diorama, Louis Daguerre, who conducted his own experiments in the field of image fixing [12]. For some time, the inventors conducted their work in parallel, but success was achieved by Daguerra after the death of the partner. In 1839, he published a method for producing images on a silver-plated copper plate. After exposure, the plate was manifested in pairs of heated mercury, and then fixed in a solution of sodium chloride. Obtained in this way, a single copy of the image under certain lighting looked like a high-quality positive, detailing the smallest details of the subject. Dager called his method of obtaining a photographic image “daguerreotype” and transferred it to the public domain on June 14, 1839 in exchange for a lifetime pension.

Almost simultaneously, the Englishman William Henry Fox Talbot invented the negative-positive technology for obtaining a photographic image, which he called "calotypy." Talbot used silver chloride impregnated paper as the image carrier. The process allowed to replicate a positive image using contact photo printing. The resulting positive was inferior to the daguerreotype in quality due to the display of the fibrous structure of the paper and rough halftones. This fact, along with the need for patent deductions for the use of technology, played a key role in the fact that daguerreotype became the dominant photographic process for a long time. One of its main applications was portraiture. By the mid-1840s, a daguerreotype portrait almost completely replaced portrait miniatures, forcing most artists of this direction to re-qualify as makers of the cars photos.

Hippolytus Bayar remained almost unknown in the history of photography, in 1839 he presented photographs obtained using his own direct positive method [16]. In addition, in 1833, the method of obtaining photographs using silver nitrate was published by Franco-Brazilian inventor and artist Hercule Florence. He did not patent his method, and his research became known only in the 1970s. Daguerreotype and calotypy were used until the second half of the 19th century, giving way to a wet collodion process, combining the advantages of the negative-positive Talbot method and high photosensitivity. Albumin printing, which appeared at the same time, produced high-quality paper prints from glass collodion negatives. The main disadvantage of wet collodion was the need for exposure and laboratory processing