The four main categories of marine resources are biological resources, non-extractive resources, physical materials, and energy production.
Biological resources are organisms that are extracted from the ocean. Some examples of this type of resource include fish, shells, pearls, and certain ingredients for supplements and vitamins.
Non-extractive resources are resources that are not removed from the ocean. These are typically economically tied and have to do with the entertainment and tourism industries. Some examples of this type of resource include aquariums, cruises, scuba diving, and vacation destinations.
Physical materials are also an extractive resource and are typically minerals. Some examples of this resource are oil and gas, salt, sand and gravel, and various metals.
Energy production on the ocean is produced by tides, waves, and currents. These forces are then turned into electricity.
The Great Barrier Reef is made up of the largest coral reef ecosystem on earth. Spanning some 344,400 square kilometers, the Great Barrier Reef is home to a large variety of plants and animal species("Reef Facts"). The protections in place for the reef “[were] created in 1975 through the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act”("Reef Facts").
Marine resources are the ways that we use the ocean for our benefit or money. The main resource I will be covering is tourism in the Great Barrier Reef.
Tourism greatly benefits the Australian economy as it brings in a lot of money. Tourism benefits both the people who visit the reef and the people involved in taking them out on the reef.
Tourism is what is known as a non-extractive resource since the resource—visiting, seeing, and experiencing the reef firsthand—is not taken from the ocean and people have to go to the resource to benefit from it.
"Reef Facts." Australian Government Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Great Barrier Reef Marine
Park Authority, 20 August 2022, https://www2.gbrmpa.gov.au/learn/reef-facts.
"Great Barrier Reef." National Geographic, National Geographic Society, 31 October 2022.
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/great-barrier-reef/.
"Unlocking Sustainable Tourism."Great Barrier Reef Foundation, The Great Barrier Reef Foundation, 16 February 2022, https://www.barrierreef.org/news/project-news/unlocking-sustainable-tourismresilient-reefs-initiative.